福寿螺的生物防治现状、问题与对策  

Status,problems and countermeasures in biological control of Pomacea canaliculata

作　　者：郭靖[1] 章家恩[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院生态学系,广州510642 [2]农业部热带农业环境重点开放实验室,广州510642 [3]广东省高等学校农业生态与农村环境重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第10期2943-2950,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1131006;30770403;30900187);广东省科技计划项目(2007B020709007;2011B020309009;2012B020310005);广东省高等学校高层次人才项目(粤教师函2010[79号]);广东省引进国(境)外高层次人才智力项目(粤外专[2010]51号)资助

摘　　要：福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata)作为一种世界性入侵生物,引入中国已有30余年,现已在中国南方十多个省市大面积分布,造成不可估量的经济损失和生态灾害。本文系统总结了福寿螺生物防治中的天敌资源种类,涵盖了腹足纲、环带纲、昆虫纲、软甲纲、辐鳍鱼纲、爬行纲、鸟纲、哺乳纲等8个类别。并从天敌的引入、研发、利用等方面以及福寿螺应对天敌的防御策略上指出了目前福寿螺生物防治中面临的主要问题。最后对其未来的研究提出了展望,即重点从原产地天敌、寄生性天敌、微生物、生物防治植物和本地经济动物等方面进行筛选,以期为利用中国丰富的生物资源进行福寿螺的生物防治提供参考。Golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata L., is a cosmopolitan harmful alien invasive species listed by the World Conservation Union. It was introduced to China more than 30 years ago and has been widely distributed in southern China, and caused incalculable economic losses and ecological harms. In order to effectively control the snails in environment-friendly ways, natu- ral enemy resources of golden apple snails were summarized in this paper. Eight categories of the natural enemies were grouped into Gastropoda, Clitellata, Insecta, Malacostraca, Actinopterygii, Reptilia, Ayes, and Mammalia. Meanwhile, the existing problems in biological control of the snails were also pointed out from the aspects of introduction, development and application of na- tural enemies and the defense strategies of P. canaliculata to its enemies. Finally, some perspec- tives on future research in the selection of natural enemies of P. canaliculata were put forward, including origin and parasite natural enemies, microbes, bio-control plants, local economic ani- mals, with an attempt to provide references for biological controlling of P. canaliculata by using the abundant biological resources in China.

关 键 词：福寿螺 天敌 生物防治 生物入侵 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]