2008-2014年湖北省公安县围栏封洲控制血吸虫病疫情纵向观察  

The longitudinal observation on marshland isolation and grazing prohibition for schistosomiasis control in Gong’an County,Hubei Province during 2008-2014

作　　者：黄文均[1] 贺正文[1] 徐肇纲 曹淳力[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省公安县疾病预防控制中心血吸虫病预防所0,公安143430 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,世界卫生组织热带病合作中心,上海200025

出　　处：《国际医学寄生虫病杂志》2015年第5期265-269,共5页International JOurnal of Medical Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2009ZX10004-906,2012ZX10004909)~~

摘　　要：目的：通过纵向观察和分析围栏封洲控制血吸虫病疫情，为控制湖沼型血吸虫病疫情提供科学依据。方法对2008—2014年湖北省公安县采用围栏封洲措施防治血吸虫病的18个村开展纵向观察，分析人群和耕牛感染情况和钉螺情况。结果2008—2014年，实施围栏封洲地区的血吸虫病疫情呈现下降趋势。人群感染率从2008年4.43%下降到2014年0.81%，期间没有出现急性血吸虫感染病例报告。耕牛感染率从2008年3.45%下降到2013年0.61%，2014年没有存栏耕牛。钉螺情况，围栏内侧环境的钉螺感染率从2008年的0.0154%下降到2011年的0.0086%，2012、2013和2014年没有查到感染性钉螺；感染螺面积和活螺平均密度每年维持在约220ha（1ha=10000 m^2）和1只/框。围栏外侧环境，2009和2011年查到感染性钉螺，钉螺感染率分别为0.0275%和0.0100%，其余年份未查到感染性钉螺；感染螺面积和活螺平均密度每年均维持在约1300 ha和0.68只/框。结论在湖沼型血吸虫病流行区,采取围栏封洲措施可以有效控制血吸虫病传染源扩散，人和耕牛的感染率显著降低，应保持防治措施的持续性。Objective To longitudinally observe and evaluate the applying measure of marshland isola-tion and grazing prohibition for control of schistosomiasis infection source, so that to offer evidence for endemic control of schistosomiasis in lake region. Methods A total of 18 villages of Gong’an County, Hubei Province were selected as study areas for longitudinal observation on the measure of marshland isolation and grazing prohibition for schistosomiasis infection source control during 2008-2014. The human and cattle in-fection and snail situation from 2008 to 2014 were surveyed and analyzed. Results The schistosomiasis en-demic situation presented decline tendency in the area where the measure of marshland isolation and grazing prohibition was implemented during 2008-2014. The human prevalence rate was decreased from 4.43% in 2008 to 0.81%in 2014;there were no reported acute schistosomiasis cases in this period. The cattle infection rate was decreased from 3.45%in 2008 to 0.61%in 2013, there was no cattle in shield in 2014. Regarding to snail situation, in the inner side of railing, the snail infection rate was decreased from 0.015 4% in 2008 to 0.008 6% in 2011, infected snails were not detected in 2012, 2013 and 2014, the infection snail square and live snail average density were around 220 （ha=10000 m^2） and 1/0.1 m^2 each year. In the outside of railing, the infection snail was detected in 2009 and 2011, the snail infection rate was 0.027 5% and 0.010 0% re-spectively, there was no infection snail detected in other years, the infection snail square and live snail aver-age density were around 1 300 ha and 0.68/0.1 m^2 each year. Conclusions The schistosomiasis infection source was controlled without spreading by the measure of marshland isolation and grazing prohibition in the lake region, the human and cattle infection rates were notably declined. The sustained implementation of this measure should be highlighted.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 围栏封洲 疫情 纵向观察 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]