论“革命文学”扩张的大众化立场与路径选择  

Expansion of “Revolutionary Literature”:Popularization of Revolutionary Literature and Its Road Choice

作　　者：方维保[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学文学院

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2015年第5期152-160,共9页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"现代‘文学革命’的价值结构研究"(11BZW124)阶段性成果

摘　　要："五四"新文化运动的价值目标是要通过启蒙而建构"国民"主体,它所践行的"文艺大众化",实现了书面语由文言向白话的转换。继起的"革命文学"的文艺大众化运动,有着与"五四"时代不同的价值理想。在无产阶级利益本位的影响之下,革命文艺大众化进行了一次话语载体的拓展旅程。面对"五四"文学话语的知识分子化和"新文言"的现实,革命文学大众化进行了白话的"二次革命",将知识分子的白话转换为底层的日常白话;面对民众普遍文盲的现实,将文字从书面语向口语拓展;将传统意义上的书面文学转向口语文学和说唱等综合表演艺术,将文学拓展为文艺;最终,在大众文艺运动中将文学泛化为群众的日常文化生活。The value orientation of the New Culture Movement was to construct a new type of citizenship by means of enlightenment. With the implementation of the policy of ＂Popularization of Literature and Art ＂,literary Chinese language was largely replaced by written vernacular Chinese in written works. During the subsequent corresponding movement of ＂Revolutionary Literature＂,a quite distinct notion of values was formed,which differed a lot from that of the May 4th Movement. Under the great influence of proletarian interest and taste,the popularization of revolutionary literature and art furthered the change in the linguistic means of literature to counter the effects of ＂neo-literary Chinese＂spoken by most intellectuals. Consequently,there occurred the second revolution of Chinese vernacular language in which the language used by the intellectuals was converted into the daily spoken Chinese of common people（ lower classes）. The words changed a lot from written language to colloquial one to meet the needs of the vast number of illiterates among the masses. Accordingly,the traditional written literature was gradually expanded into various art forms including oral literature and folk art of singing and talking as well. Eventually,literature was transformed into daily cultural activities during the movement of popular literature and art.

关 键 词：革命文学 大众文艺运动 价值立场 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]