暗弱空间目标的高精度定位  

High precision orientation of faint space objects

作　　者：李振伟[1] 张涛[2] 张楠[1] 孙明国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台长春人造卫星观测站,吉林长春130117 [2]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2015年第9期2627-2634,共8页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院国家天文台长春人造卫星观测站青年探索基金资助项目(No.1400TS1001);中国科学院院级科研装备研制项目(No.YZ201116)

摘　　要：提出了一种暗弱空间目标的高精度定位方法,以进一步提高该类空间目标的定位精度。研究了星像质心计算和星图匹配以及光电望远镜静态指向修正模型和天文定位等算法。首先,深入分析了星像质心计算和三角形匹配算法。然后,采用Tycho-2星表和基本参数修正模型,修正光电望远镜系统静态指向误差。最后,针对暗弱空间目标定位精度低,对传统天文定位方法进行了改进,提出了"暗弱空间目标高精度定位方法",实现了暗弱空间目标高精度定位。实验结果表明:提出的暗弱空间目标高精度定位方法的测量精度优于4″,基本满足光电观测系统进行暗弱空间目标测量时对精度和稳定性的要求。A high precision orientation method for faint space objects was presented to improve the positioning accuracy of this kind of space objects in photoelectric reconnaissance. Several relevant algorithms were investigated, such as star centroid computing, star pattern matching, correction models for static pointing of optoelectronic telescope, and the astronomical orientation of space objects. The star centroid computing method and star identification using triangle algorithm were firstly analyzed. Then, the Tycho-2 catalog and basic parameter pointing model were used to correct the static pointing error of the optoelectronic telescope. Finally, by considering lower orientation precision of faint space objects, the high precision orientation algorithm of faint space objects was presented based on the improved traditional astronomical orientation method to realize the high precision orientation of space objects. Experimental results indicate that the measuring precision of the high precision orientation method for faint space objects is superior to 4＂, which satisfies the system requirements of faint space object surveillance for the precision and stabilization.

关 键 词：暗弱空间目标 星图匹配 天文定位 电荷耦合器件 

分 类 号：P123.46[天文地球—天体测量] V556.5[天文地球—天文学]