不同灌溉施肥对土壤氮素分布及桃树氮素吸收利用研究  

Effects of Different Irrigation and Fertilizer Methods on Space Variation of Nitrate Nitrogen and Nitrogen Fertilization Absorption and Utilization of Plants

作　　者：颜克发[1] 彭福田[1] 齐玉吉 党祝庆 张江红[1] 蒋晓梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2015年第9期33-38,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目(CARS-31-3-03)

摘　　要：以2年生＂春雪＂桃为试材,应用15 N同位素示踪技术,于2011-2012年研究了不同灌溉施肥处理对桃园土壤硝态氮空间变化以及植株氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明：以传统漫灌＋撒施肥料处理（F＋S）作为对照,滴灌肥水一体化（Fer）处理、滴灌＋肥料袋控缓释（T＋D）处理、滴灌＋树盘撒施（T＋S）处理和漫灌＋肥料袋控缓释（F＋D）处理桃树根区0~60cm空间范围内NO-3-N含量提高40.80%~70.31%;与F＋S处理相比,各处理条件下植株器官的Ndff%值、器官全氮量、桃叶面积、叶绿素含量、株高和新梢生长指标均得到相应提高;Fer处理、T＋D处理、T＋S处理、F＋D处理和F＋S处理植株15N当季利用率分别为34.68%、33.61%、29.11%、18.97%和14.18%,其中以Fer处理和T＋D处理对提高桃树氮素吸收利用和促进生长的效果最显著。In this paper,15 N tracer elements were used to study the distribution of soil moisture and nutrient,and nitrogen absorption,utilization of peach plants in different irrigation and fertilizer treatment of two-year-old peach plants（Chun Xue）in the year of2011 and 2012.The results showed that：compared with the traditional flood irrigation＋fertilizer broadcast treatment（F＋S）,all the four treatments,including fertigation（Fer）,trickle irrigation＋ bag-controlled release fertilizer（T＋D）,trickle irrigation＋fertilizer broadcast（T＋S）and traditional flood irrigation＋bag-controlled release fertilizer（F＋D）,increased the average NO-3-N content of peach tree root-zone soil in 0~60cm space distribution by 40.80%~70.31%;compared with the F＋S treatment,others could enhance the peach plant growth indicators,including the Ndff% value and total N of plant organs,leaf area,chlorophyll concentration,shoot length,plant height,and the utilization rate in season of all treatments are 34.68%,33.61%,29.11%,18.97% and14.18%,respectively;the treatments of＂Fer＂and the＂T＋D＂have the most significant effects to improve peach tree nitrogen absorption,utilization and to promote the growth of peach plant.

关 键 词：桃 滴灌 NO-3-N分布 15 N尿素 吸收 利用 

分 类 号：S152.75[农业科学—土壤学] S662.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]