湖南红壤山丘区林地间作模式优化与配套技术  

Optimization and matching techniques of red soil hilly woodland intercropping model in Hunan

作　　者：王芳[1] 谢庭生[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省经济地理研究所,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《经济林研究》2015年第3期159-164,共6页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：湖南省科学技术厅2009年科技支撑计划项目(2009JT4013)

摘　　要：为了增加林地的短期经济效益,达到以短养长的目的,根据湖南农业复合种植模式调查结果,依功能作用,组成结果和配置方式的差异,将湖南红壤山丘区林地间作模式分为林粮、林经、林菜、林草、林药、林花、林菌等7个1级模式,欧美杨//大豆~大麦等若干个2级模式;选取代表性较强的10个2级模式进行了经济效益估算,选取年总产值、投入产出比、覆盖率等3项指标,采用层次分析法进行了综合效益分析,结合农产品比较优势和生态效益的优劣,对林地间作模式进行了优化选择。优化结果是：林草模式是全优模式,各地可大力推广;林经、林菜、林药模式经济效益高,有条件的地方可适当发展;林粮模式的产品是粮油,粮油是人们赖以生存的基本物质,有条件的地方应该发展,而条件欠缺的地方,应创造条件,如实行等高横作,作物间（套）作、免耕等,适度发展。并阐述了杉（松）//苇状羊茅草木等2个有代表性的模式的配套技术。In order to increasing short-term economic benefit of woodland, and to achieve the goal of making good for deficiency, according to the investigation results of agricultural multiple cropping model in Hunan, from the aspects of functional role, composition and configuration mode, red soil hilly woodland intercropping pattern in Hunan were classified into seven the first grade models, including forest-grain crop, forest-economic crop, forest-vegetable, forest-grass, forest- medicine, forest-flower, forest-mushroom, and several the second grade models, for example Populus//soybean-barley. Economic benefits of ten the second grade models with strong representativeness were estimated, and comprehensive benefits were analyzed, taking total annual output, input-output ratio and coverage rate as indexes, by using analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. Combined with comparative advantages of agricultural products and advantages and disadvantages of ecological benefits, the forest intercropping patterns were selected and optimized. The results showed that the forest-grass model was the best excellent model, which could be popularized in various places; the economic benefits of forest-cash crop, forest-vegetable and forest-medicine models were high, ant them should be proper developed at conditional places; the products of forest-crop model were grains and oils, which were basis materials for people＇s survival, so the model should be proper developed at conditional places, and be proper developed at unconditional places through creating conditions, for example, equal altitude cultivation, crops intercropping or relay strip intercropping, and zero tillage. Some matching techniques of two representative models were elaborated, for example, fir （pine）//Festuca arundinacea.

关 键 词：红壤山丘区 林地间作 模式优化 配套技术 

分 类 号：S6-33[农业科学—园艺学] S753.536