早产儿住院期间经历致痛性操作的现状调查  

Current status of premature infants′ pain operation experienced during hospitalization

作　　者：陈丽莲[1] 熊小云[1] 余霞娟[1] 袁瑞琴[1] 黄颖穗[1] 曹爱芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属深圳妇幼保健院NICU,518028

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2015年第24期2863-2866,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：深圳市科技创新委员会立项课题（JCYJ20140414144549348）

摘　　要：目的：调查早产儿住院期间经历致痛性操作的现状，为早产儿的疼痛管理提供理论依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法，选取2014年8—10月深圳市某三级医院新生儿重症监护室收治的111例早产儿为研究对象，调查早产儿住院期间经历致痛性操作的项目、数量及疼痛水平。疼痛评分采用早产儿疼痛评分量表（PIPP）进行评分。结果111例早产儿住院期间共经8258次致痛性操作，平均每例早产儿经历（74.4±18.22）次，每人每天经历（3.72±1.53）次。出生体质量〈1500g的早产儿平均每人经历153次，出生体质量≥1500g的早产儿平均每人经历46次；早产儿经历最多的疼痛刺激是揭除3M透明敷贴，疼痛评分排在前3位的为外周动脉穿刺、采足底血、皮下注射。结论早产儿，特别是〈1500g的极/超低出生体质量儿在住院期间常需接受大量侵入性、致痛性操作。有必要加强医护人员疼痛管理能力的培训，从而减少疼痛刺激对早产儿造成的不良影响。Objective To investigate the premature infants′ pain operation during their hospitalization and thus provide evidence for the necessity of premature infants pain management. Methods Using the method of convenient sampling, we prospectively collected data of all painful procedures performed on 111 premature infants who recruited from admission to discharge in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Shenzhen. The pain of premature infant was evaluated by premature infant pain profile （ PIPP ） . Results During hospitalization, 111 premature infants were exposed to 8 258 painful operations, with each preterm having （74. 4 ± 18. 22） times and averagely （3. 72 ± 1. 53） times each day. Below 1 500 g birth weight infants and equal and beyond 1 500 g birth weight infants were exposed to a median of 153 and 46 painful procedures, respectively. Among those painful procedures, 3M Transparent Dressing removal was the most frequently pain operation performed on preterm neonates, and peripheral arterial puncture, plantar blood sampling, and subcutaneous injection were top three reasons caused most pain. Conclusions Premature infants, particularly very/extremely low birth weight infants （ VLBWI/ELBWI ） , are exposed to numerous invasive painful procedures. It is necessary to train health-care workers to enhance their pain management ability, thereby to reduce the adverse effects of pain stimuli to the premature infants.

关 键 词：住院 早产儿 致痛性操作 疼痛管理 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]