清远某电子垃圾拆解区河流底泥中重金属和多氯联苯的复合污染  

Heavy metal and PCB contamination in river sediments of an E-waste recycling site in Qingyuan City

作　　者：林娜娜[1] 单振华[1] 朱崇岭 任源[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境与能源学院,广州510006 [2]工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室,广州510006

出　　处：《环境化学》2015年第9期1685-1693,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51178190);国家自然科学基金重点项目(21037001);教育部留学回国人员基金;广州市科技计划项目(2013J4100107)资助

摘　　要：通过采集清远某电子垃圾拆解区6个点位沉积物样品,测定底泥的p H、有机质、4种阴离子、重金属和多氯联苯的含量,研究电子垃圾对附近河流产生的影响及危害.采用原子吸收、离子色谱、气相色谱质谱联用(GC/MS)分析底泥中重金属、阴离子、PCBs(Polychlorinated biphenyls)的含量.结果显示,排污两点表层底泥的有机质含量达到11.73%和11.34%;4种阴离子含量为:SO2-4>Cl->F->NO-3,SO2-4和Cl-的浓度在排污口表层含量高达320 mg·kg-1和60 mg·kg-1,阴离子含量随深度的增加而降低;排污口表层底泥的重金属Cd、Ni、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr的含量最高分别能达50.87、967.89、5571.75、15673.09、10075.26、2253.86 mg·kg-1,超出《国家土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)三级标准;沉积物中PCBs含量在0.36—3.160μg·g-1,以三—五氯为主,约占总量的70%,生态风险大于50%,毒性风险较高.Cd和PCBs是最主要的生态风险因子,在排污口两点除Cd和PCBs外,Pb和Cu的生态风险也很强,RI值高达5000以上,具有极强的生态危害性.The contents of organic matter（ OM） , anions, heavy metals and polychlorinated （ PCBs） in sediments from 6 sampling sites in an E-waste recycling site in Qingyuan City were analyzed to investigate the impact of electronic waste on the nearby river. GFAA, ion chromatography, and gas chromatography /mass spectrometry （ GC / MS） analysis were used to measure the contents of heavy metals, anions, and PCBs in the sediments. The results showed that the OM contents of the surface sediment at the sewage discharge point reached 11.73% and 11.34%, the contents of four anions are in the following order： SO2-4 〉Cl-〉 F-〉 NO-3 , and the contents of SO2-4 and Cl- were up to 320 mg·kg-1 , 60 mg·kg-1 . Sulfate concentration was very high at the surface of outfall and all the anion contents decreased with depths. The concentration of Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr in the sewage creek up to 50.87, 967.89,5571.75,15673.09,10075.26,2253.86 mg·kg-1, above the “National Soil Environmental Quality Standards” （ GB15618—1995） GradeⅡ;PCBs contents were sediments are 0.36—3.160 μg·g-1 , and the contents of tri-to penta-chlorobiphenyl are more than 70% of the＆nbsp;total PCBs, which have a higher risk of toxicity. Cd and PCBs are the most important ecological risk factors, in addition to the sewage outfall points Cd and PCBs, the ecological risks of Pb and Cu is also very high in the sewage outfall points, and the ecological risk indexes （ IR） are up to 5000.

关 键 词：电子垃圾 盐分 重金属 多氯联苯 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]