青岛黄潍输油管道泄漏爆炸事故溢油风化规律  

Weathered regulation of oil residue in natural coastal zone environment

作　　者：张媛媛[1,2] 王敏[2] 卢宏伟[2] 张海江 贺世杰[4] 王传远[4] 

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学安全与环境工程学院,北京100026 [2]山东工商学院管理科学与工程学院,山东264005 [3]烟台海事局烟台溢油应急技术中心,烟台264000 [4]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,烟台264003

出　　处：《环境化学》2015年第9期1741-1747,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51474151);山东省自然基金(ZR2014GQ015);山东工商学院青年科研基金(2014QN004);国家海洋局北海分局渤海中部公共海域沉积物现场微生物修复项目(QDZC20150420-002)资助

摘　　要：针对2013年11月22日青岛黄潍输油管道泄漏爆炸事故中造成的胶州湾海面溢油污染,对采集于胶州湾岸滩的溢油残留物以及原始溢油的风化模拟实验产物进行气相色-谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)检测,并对溢油样品的指纹特征和风化规律进行了解析,进而对溢油鉴别过程中生物标志物特征比值参数进行了评价和筛选.结果表明:本次溢油风化损失主要发生在最初的10 d,损失量约为40%,主要以轻质组分为主;受海岸带复杂环境影响,溢油自然风化程度略高于模拟风化;在为期15 d的自然风化过程中,甾萜烷诊断比值受风化作用影响较小(相对标准偏差RSD%<5%),大多数甲基菲参数受到风化作用的一定影响(5%<RSD%<20%);除了常规参数甲基二苯并噻吩指数(MDR)外,甲基二苯并噻吩/甲基菲比值(MDBT/MP)、4-乙基二苯并噻吩/2,4-二甲基二苯并噻吩比值(4-Et DBT/2,4-DMDBT)、2,4-/1,4-二甲基二苯并噻吩比值(2,4-/1,4-DMDBT)和4,6-/1,4-二甲基二苯并噻吩比值(4,6-/1,4-DMDBT)等油气地化研究中烷基二苯并噻吩成熟度参数亦能较好地用于短期风化溢油鉴别,可为溢油事故发生后肇事者的确定开拓新途径.The explosion induced by Huangwei pipeline leakage on Nov 22, 2013, caused petroleum pollution in Jiaozhou Bay. In this study, the original spilled oil and oil residue were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer for revealing short-term weathering effects on conventional biomarker diagnostic indicators of terpanes, steranes and PAHs （ polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons） . The results showed that about 40% weathering loss, especially the light component before n-C21 , has occurred mainly during the first ten days. Due to the complicated coastal environment, natural weathering degree is slightly higher than that of the simulated weathering. In the natural weathering process during the 15 days, steranes and terpanes diagnostic ratio affected by weathering is smaller （ relative standard deviation, RSD% 〈 5%） . Furthermore, most alkylphenanthrene indexs were affected by the weathering process with RSD% of 5%—20%. In addition, the diagnostic ratio of alkylated dibenzothiophenes in petroleum as a tool for maturity assessments, such as MDBT/MP ,＆nbsp;4-EtDBT/2,4-DMDBT, 2,4-/1,4-DMDBT, 4,6-/1,4-DMDBT, can also well be used for the short-term weathered spilled oil identification.

关 键 词：生物标志化合物 多环芳烃 风化 烷基二苯并噻吩成熟度参数 溢油鉴别 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]