三线摆测转动惯量时高度对测量结果的影响  

The Influence of Height on the Result of Using Three-wire Pendulum to Measure the Rotational Inertia of Rigid Body

作　　者：朱瑜[1] 邵雪纯 

机构地区：[1]湖北民族学院理学院,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2015年第8期16-18,31,共4页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11263003);湖北民族学院教学研究项目(2013JYZ03)

摘　　要：通过改变高度（20--110 cm）来分别测量下悬盘、圆盘、圆柱及两叠加圆盘的转动惯量,根据测量误差来分析高度变化对转动惯量测量值的影响。实验发现,高度在20--60 cm范围内的测量误差稍小于在65--110 cm范围内的测量误差,从操作方便、制造经济的角度,高度在20∽60 cm范围内更为合适。并且,与一个圆盘时的测量误差相比,两叠加圆盘的测量误差明显增大,这说明厚度的增加使得测量的误差增大。另外,由于系统误差的影响,下悬盘的测量值与理论值相比均偏大,而圆盘和圆柱的测量结果在进行处理时已消去了系统误差,故与理论值相比时大、时小。It is a common method to measure the rotational inertia of rigid body with three-wire pendulum. In this experiment,the height H has great influence on the rotational inertia measurement. The rotational inertia of the hanging plate,disc,cylinder and the superposition of two discs were measured through changing the height（ 20 ∽ 110 cm）. The effect of height change on measured value of the rotational inertia was analyzed by measurement error. It was found that the measurement error within 20 ∽ 60 cm was a little less than the measurement error within 65 ∽ 110 cm. From the perspective of easy operation,manufacturing economy,the height within 20 ∽ 60 cm was more appropriate. And,the measurement error of the superposition of two discs was increased obviously compared with one disk. It was showed that increase of the thickness would make increase of the measurement error. In addition,due to the influence of system error,the measured value of the hanging plate was larger than the theoretical value. But for disc and cylinder,the system error of the measured result had been eliminated at the time of data processing,so the measured result was sometimes big and sometimes small compared with the theoretical value.

关 键 词：三线摆 转动惯量 三线摆高度 三线摆厚度 

分 类 号：O433[机械工程—光学工程]