金属元素同位素异常  

Nucleosynthetic isotope anomalies

作　　者：秦礼萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学,中国科学院壳幔物质与环境重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2015年第4期731-743,共13页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41273076;41473066);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目

摘　　要：与大多数地球岩石不同,许多陨石中都显示一些与特定的核合成过程密切相关的同位素特征。这些核合成过程很可能发生在太阳系外。这些同位素特征被称为同位素异常。同位素异常在过去几十年里一直是同位素宇宙化学的一个活跃的研究领域。但直到近十年行星尺度上的同位素异常才被发现并被证实。同位素异常,特别是行星尺度上异常的发现为太阳系早期演化模型提供了新的制约。金属元素的同位素异常成为示踪天体物质来源及其关系,以及反演太阳系形成时的星际环境的最直接的证据。本文综述了近年来在同位素异常领域里的重要研究进展及其对研究天体化学过程的重要意义。Different from the majority of the terrestrial rocks,many meteorites have shown isotope characteristics that are clearly associated with nucleosynthetic processes in stars other than the Sun. These were called isotope anomalies. Isotope anomalies have been an active research area of isotope cosmochemsitry in the past few decades. However,planetary-scale isotope anomalies have not been discovered and confirmed for metal isotopes until recently. The discovery of isotope anomalies,especially at the planetary scale,provides new constraints on the evolutional model for the young Solar System. They are the most direct evidence for tracing the origin of extraterrestrial samples,understanding their genetic relationships,and deciphering the stellar environment of Solar System formation. In this paper,we reviewed the progress that has been recently made in the field of isotope anomalies and reviewed their cosmochemical significances.

关 键 词：同位素异常 核合成 太阳系演化 

分 类 号：P148[天文地球—天体物理]