内蒙古达乌尔黄鼠疫源地主要宿主寄生蚤调查结果分析  

Spermophilus Dauricus epidemic focus main hosts parasitical fleas investigation results analysis of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：范蒙光 李建云 常子丽 尉瑞平 米景川 张忠兵 赵刚 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古地方病防治研究中心,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2015年第9期945-948,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：卫生部卫生行业科研专项基金(201202021)

摘　　要：目的总结分析2008-2013年内蒙古自治区达乌尔黄鼠(Citellus dauricus Brandt)疫源地主要宿主达乌尔黄鼠(以下简称黄鼠)寄生蚤类构成及特点,为今后有效开展鼠疫监测和防治工作提供可靠的基础数据。方法在内蒙古达乌尔黄鼠疫源地内27个疫源旗县,以旗县为单位开展监测,按不同生境分层进行抽样,将捕获的达乌尔黄鼠体外寄生蚤单只装袋进行分检,用探蚤棒对达乌尔黄鼠洞干进行蚤类采集,挖掘代表性的鼠巢收集蚤类,对获取的全部蚤类在低倍镜下进行不透明标本分类鉴定;对获取的蚤类按照《鼠疫自然疫源地及动物鼠疫流行判定标准》(GB 16883-1997和GB 16883-1997附录B),采用鼠疫细菌学培养方法进行检验。应用Excel 2003软件分别对蚤种类、数量按不同年度进行统计,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2008-2013年共捕获黄鼠19 196只,发现染蚤黄鼠8596只,获体蚤种类14种(亚种)31 514匹,平均染蚤率为44.78%,平均蚤指数为1.64匹。共探黄鼠洞干26 730个,染蚤洞干3 769个,获蚤7种(亚种)7 055匹,染蚤率为14.10%,蚤指数为0.26匹。共掘黄鼠巢774个,染蚤巢数507个,获蚤10种(亚种)7 415匹,染蚤率为65.50%,蚤指数为9.58匹。对黄鼠体蚤、洞干蚤及巢蚤均进行了鼠疫细菌学检验,结果均为阴性。结论近年来内蒙古自治区黄鼠疫源地生态环境受到自然和社会等因素的影响,导致主要宿主黄鼠寄生蚤种类、数量出现了一些新的特点,作为传播鼠疫的媒介蚤类,今后应进一步对黄鼠寄生蚤加强监测和开展防控工作。Objective To summarize and lus dauricus in Inner Mongolia Spermop analyze parasitical fleas composition and characteristics of Spermophi- hilus dauricus epidemic focus during 2008 - 2013 , provided reliable data for effective plague surveillance and prevention and control work for future . Methods In 27 counties of Inner Mongolia Spermophilus dauricus epidemic focus, every county was a unit to carry out monitoring, strati- fied sampling in different habitats, the fleas of 1 captured Spermophilus danricus were collected in bag to sort, the fleas in dry hole and nest were collected by stick and nest, mining representative rat nest flea collection, to get all the flea is not transparent specimen classification identification at high magnification; According to the Plague natural foci and animal plague epidemic criteria （GB16883 - 1997 and GB16883 - 1997 Appendix B）, the fleas were tested by bacteriological culture. The species and number of fleas in different year were counted by Excel 2003, were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method. Results From 2008 to 2013, the number of captured Spermophilus dauricus in Inner Mongolia Spermophilus dauricus epidemic focus was 19196, the number of infected fleas of Spermophilus dauricus was 8596, 31514 fleas belonged to 14 kinds （subspecies） Spermophilus dauricus were collected, the rate of infected fleas was 44. 78% , the index of fleas was 1.64. The number of tested holes was 26730, infected fleas holes 3769, 7055 belonged to 7 kinds （ sub- species） fleas in holes were collected, the rate of infected fleas was 14. 10% , the index of fleas was 0. 26.The number of nest was 774, the nest of infected flea was 507, 7415 belonged to 10 species （subspecies） of fleas was collected, the rate of infected fleas was 65.50%, the index of fleas was 9. 58. All collected fleas were tested by bacteriological culture, results were negative. Conclusions The foci was affected by ecological environment and social aspects factors in recent years , the number and species fleas o

关 键 词：达乌尔黄鼠 疫源地 主要宿主 寄生蚤 

分 类 号：Q959.837[生物学—动物学]