不同放牧方式对典型草原啮齿动物群落多样性的影响  

Influence of Different Grazing Patterns on Community Diversity of Rodent in Typical Steppe

作　　者：白萨如拉[1,2] 鲍金山 袁帅[1,2] 满都呼[1,2] 付和平[1,2] 武晓东[1,2] 乌云嘎 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]草业与草地资源教育部重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [3]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2015年第3期34-39,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：农业部公益性行业项目"草原鼠害生物防控技术研究与示范"(201203041)资助

摘　　要：在呼伦贝尔典型草原过度放牧、适度放牧和禁牧3种不同放牧方式下对啮齿动物主要鼠种捕获率、群落多样性指数(Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-winner指数、Simpson指数、Pielou均匀性指数)进行了研究,探讨了不同放牧方式对啮齿动物群落多样性的影响。研究结果显示,啮齿动物主要种捕获率、Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-winner指数、Simpson指数、Pielou均匀性指数在3种不同放牧中随着强度的增加而增加。(1)主要鼠种捕获率:5月份和9月份在3种不同放牧方式下捕获率没有差异,7月份捕获率在过度放牧区和禁牧区间出现了差异,但不显著(F=3.44,P=0.10)。(2)Patrick丰富度指数:5月份和9月份在3种不同放牧方式下物种丰富度指数没有差异,在7月份过度放牧区与禁牧区间差异显著(F=10.33,P=0.01)。(3)Shannon-winner指数与Simpson指数:5月份和9月份在3种不同放牧方式下Shannon-winner指数与Simpson指数无差异,在7月份过度放牧区与禁牧区间Shannon-winner指数差异显著(F=6.02,P=0.04),Simpson指数在过度放牧区与禁牧区间有差异,但不显著(F=3.58,P=0.09)。(4)Pielou均匀性指数:Pielou均匀性指数3个月份在不同放牧方式下均无差异。The capture rate of major species, the diversity index （ Patrick abundance index, Shannon - winner in- dex, Simpson index, Pielou evenness index） of rodent community have been measured with over grazing, moderate grazing and ungrazing patterns in Hulunbeier typical steppe. The influence of different grazing patterns has been studied on community diversity of rodent. The results show that in three grazing patterns, the capture rate of major species, Patrick abundance index, Shannon -winner index, Simpson index and Pielou evenness index have in- creased with the increase of intensity. （ 1 ） For capture rate of major species, there is no difference in May and Sep- tember with three grazing patterns, there isn＇ t significant difference in over - grazing area and ungrazing area in Ju- ly （F=3.44, P =0. 10）. （2） For Patrick abundance index, there is no difference in May and September with three grazing patterns, there is significant difference in over - grazing area and ungrazing area in July （ F = 10. 33, P =0. 01 ）. （3） For Shannon -winner index and Simpson index, there is no difference in May and September with three grazing patterns, there is significant difference for Shannon - winner index in over - grazing area and un- grazing area in July （ F = 6. 02, P = 0. 04） , there isn＇ t significant difference in over - grazing area and ungrazing area in July （F =3.58, P =0.09）. （4） For Pielou evenness index, there is no difference in three months with three grazing patterns.

关 键 词：放牧 啮齿动物 群落 多样性 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]