生物质炭与盐酸配施对苏打盐渍土理化性状的影响研究  

Effects of Biochar on Saline-sodic Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

作　　者：杨艳丽[1,2] 李秀军[1] 陈国双[1] 张继涛[1] 鲁新蕊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态重点实验室,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2015年第3期113-119,共7页Soils and Crops

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303095-8);国家自然科学基金(50479010)

摘　　要：为了评价生物质炭与盐酸配施对苏打盐渍土的改良效果,本研究将不同配比的生物质炭和盐酸混合,添加于苏打盐渍土中,通过室内培养实验,研究了不同生物质炭和盐酸混合处理对轻度、中度苏打盐渍化土壤的p H、电导率、容重、渗透系数影响,以及所生长作物燕麦株高和干重等的影响。结果表明,2%生物质炭配合30 m L·kg-1的0.5N盐酸处理,使轻度苏打盐渍化土壤的p H降低到7.61,容重下降19.2%,渗透系数升高31.6%,燕麦株高增加6.3%,干重增加65.5%,改良效果与施用脱硫石膏的对照组无显著差异,可以作为轻度苏打盐渍化土壤的改良剂配方;5%生物质炭和10 m L·kg-1的0.5N盐酸组合处理,使中度苏打盐渍化土壤p H降低到8.06,容重下降19%,渗透系数从2×10-4cm·s-1升高到1.7×10-4cm·s-1,燕麦长势良好,可以有效改良中度苏打盐渍化土壤。表1,图12,参20。So far there is little information available about biochar effects on saline-sodic soil. To evaluate the efficiency of biochar on saline-sodic soil, we conducted an incubation experiment by mixing different ratios of biochar and hydrochloric acid added to saline- sodic soil to study the effects of biochar on soil pH, electricity conductivity, soil bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, height and dry weight of oat. Results showed that 2% biochar with 30 mL. kg-1 of 0. 5 N hydrochloric acid, reduced light saline-sodic soil pH to 7.61, decreased bulk density by 19. 2%, while hydraulic conductivity, plant height and dry weight was increased by 31.6%, 6. 3% and 65.5%, respectively, which could be used to improve mild saline-sodic soil. 5% of biochar with 10 mL·kg-1^ 0. 5 N hydrochloric acid reduced moderate saline-sodic soil pH to 8.06, decreased bulk density by 19 %, while hydraulic conductivity was increased from 2 x 10-4 cm. s-lto 1.7 x 10-4^ cm. s-1^ with normal oat growth, which could effectively improve the moderate soda soil salinization.

关 键 词：生物质炭 盐酸 苏打盐渍化土壤 

分 类 号：S156.49[农业科学—土壤学]