发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾生长、肌肉成分和血淋巴非特异性免疫的影响  

Effects of replacing fish meal with fermented soybean meal on growth,muscle composition and non-specific immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：彭松[1] 张敏[2] 李小勤[1] 赵金鑫[1] 郑小淼 李百安 冷向军[1,3,4,5] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司,上海201306 [3]上海市水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]上海高校知识服务平台上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心(ZF1206),上海201306 [5]上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2015年第5期70-75,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

摘　　要：为研究发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长、肌肉成分和血淋巴非特异性免疫的影响,设计了鱼粉含量为21%的对照组饲料,以三种发酵豆粕W305、W738和Y647等蛋白替代对照组饲料中6%的鱼粉,配制成4种等氮饲料,投喂平均体质量5.1 g的凡纳滨对虾42 d。结果表明:1)各处理组在成活率上无显著差异,对照组具有最高的增重率;在发酵豆粕组中,以Y647组的增重率最高,饲料系数最低,并达到对照组基本一致的水平;W305和W738组的增重率较对照组显著降低,饲料系数显著增高;2)在肌肉成分方面,各组水分和粗蛋白含量无显著差异,与对照组相比,W305组肌肉粗脂肪含量显著增高,Y647组肌肉粗灰分含量显著降低;3)三个发酵豆粕组的血淋巴酚氧化酶(PO)活性和W305组的总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性均显著高于对照组。结果表明,发酵豆粕Y647可替代饲料中6%的鱼粉而不影响凡纳滨对虾生长性能,并可提高血淋巴PO活性。The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing fish meal with fermented soybean meal （FSM） on growth, muscle composition and non-specific immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei. Four diets were designed as control diet with 21% fish meal, and three isonitrogenous diets with 15% fish meal, in which 6% fish meal was replaced by FSM products, W305, W738, Y647, respectively. The four diets were fed to white shrimp with initial body weight of 5.1 g for 42 days. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） There was no significant difference in survival rate among groups, and the control shrimp had the best growth. Among the three FSM groups, Y647 group had the highest weight gain （WG） and the lowest feed conversion ratio （FCR） , and reached the similar growth as control. Compared with control group, the WG of W305 and W738 group were significantly reduced, and FCR significantly increased. 2 ） There was no significant difference in moisture and protein contents in muscle, but W305 group had a higher crude fat content, and Y647 group had a lower crude ash in muscle when compared with control group. 3 ） Shrimp fed diets containing FSM had higher PO activity, and shrimp fed W305 diet had higher T-SOD activity in hemolymph than that fed control diet. In conclusions, the above results indicated that FSM Y647 could substitute 6% fish meal in diet without negative influence on growth, while promoting PO activity in hemolymph of white shrimp.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei) 发酵豆粕 鱼粉 生长性能 肌肉成分 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S963.71[农业科学—水产养殖]