饲料中组合色素对红草金鱼体色的影响  

Effects of combinated dietary pigments on body color of red Carassius auratus

作　　者：程云生[1] 陈世金 李静[1] 陈龙胜[3] 卢文轩[1] 邵祖勇 何吉祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,合肥230031 [2]安徽省应用技术研究院,合肥230601 [3]安徽省科学技术研究院,合肥230031

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2015年第5期94-99,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：安徽省农业科学院学科建设项目(14A0521);安徽省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(13c0506)

摘　　要：为研究组合色素对红草金鱼(red Carassius auratus)的增色效果,在基础饲料中分别添加红辣椒粉、螺旋藻、玉米蛋白粉3种着色剂,制成粗蛋白质含量均为33.6%饲料,投喂初始均重(18.5±1.2)g的红草金鱼。每种着色剂设5个水平(5%、8%、11%、13%、16%),每水平30尾鱼×3重复,日投喂率4%,试验期45 d。分别于第0、15、30、45天在各重复内随机抽样2尾鱼,测定同部位鳞片与尾鳍混合样总类胡萝卜素平均吸光度,确立上列三种着色剂的最适添加量分别为:8%、5%、16%。根据单因素试验中不同着色剂在着色速度、体表沉积效果及其成本高低,确立由8%辣椒红、5%螺旋藻、5%玉米蛋白粉各三分之一水平合剂为组合着色剂。在相同饲养条件下,将组合着色剂饲料与各单一着色剂饲料分别投喂红草金鱼,45 d时均在波长470 nm获色素扫描图谱。结果显示,组合色素色谱的峰值面积显著大于各单组(P<0.05),其着色效果显著优于各最佳单组。To determine the effects of dietary pigments on body color of red Carassius auratus, a series of feeding experiments were conducted from July to October 2014 （90 days）. For the first 45 days, larva fish （ averaged 18.5 ± 1.2 g） were fed with diets supplemented with red pepper meal, spirnlina and corn gluten meal at different levels （5% , 8%, 11% , 13%, 16% ） respectively. For each treatment group, 30 fish were fed at the same feeding level （4%）, and 2 of the 30 fish were randomly sampled every 15 days. Each treatment was replicated three times. For each sampled fish, squama and tail fin were collected and mixed. Results from the total carotenoids absorbance analysis of the well mixed organs showed a proper level of red pepper meal, spirulina and corn gluten meal, which was 8% , 5%, and 16% , respectively. For the next 45 days, another series of feeding experiments were conducted with the same feeding environment. Treatments of dietary pigment included 8% of red pepper meal, 5% of spirulina, 16% of corn gluten meal, and the combination of them （one third for 8% of red pepper meal, one third for 5% of spirnlina, and one third for 16% of corn gluten meal）. Each treatment group contained 30 fish, and the sampling method was the same as above experiments. At the end of the experiment, the collected organs were scanned under UV light （470 nm）. Scanned maps indicated a better staining result of fish fed with combination of pigments than that of the other groups, suggesting that combinated dietary pigments, were more ef- ficiently in improving the body color of red Carassius auratus than the singJe dietary pigment.

关 键 词：红草金鱼(red Carassius auratus) 红辣椒粉 螺旋藻 玉米蛋白粉 体色 

分 类 号：S965.811[农业科学—水产养殖]