濒危植物大花杓兰(Cypripedium macranthos SW.)地下器官的形态解剖学研究  

Morphological and anatomical study on underground organs of endangered plant Cypripedium macranthos SW.

作　　者：王长宝[1] 徐增奇[1] 王鹤[1] 唐番 

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学生命科学学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《东北师大学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期111-115,共5页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81441132);科技部国家科技基础条件平台国家标本平台教学标本子平台运行服务项目(2005DKA21403-JK);黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12541808);佳木斯大学基础研究重点资助项目(Sjz-2012-18)

摘　　要：对濒危植物大花杓兰地下器官的形态进行了解剖观察.结果表明：根状茎皮层和髓部细胞储存有丰富的淀粉粒,周木维管束在中柱内散生排列;不定根皮层组织发达,没有发现共生真菌菌丝,内皮层木质化加厚细胞和通道细胞相间排列并分别与韧皮部和木质部对应;地下芽为混合芽,外被2-3层鳞叶和3-4层幼叶,顶部为花器官的芽体.大花杓兰地下器官既是营养物质的存贮场所又是越冬的繁殖体;地上器官的基本结构在上一年越冬的地下芽中已经形成;根部皮层细胞内没有发现共生真菌,可能与材料采集的季节有关.Morphology and anatomical structure of underground organs of endangered plant Cypripedium macranthos were studied in the present paper. The work showed that：large numbers of starch granules exist in cortex and pith, and amphivasal bundles distribute compactly in vascular cylinder. The root has well developed cortex, but mycorrhizal fungi were not observed in the cortical cells. Thickening cells and passage cells in endodermis arranged alternately with each other as that of xylem and phloem in vascular cylinder. Underground bud is a mixed bud which covered by 2-3 layers of scale leaves and 3-4 layers of young leaves with the flower bud at the top. Conclusion： underground organ is not only a locus where food materials saved but also a kind of propagule. Overground organs of C. macranthos has basically taken shape in its overwintering bud. Mycorrhizal fungi were not found in the cortical cells maybe the result of inappropriate collecting time.

关 键 词：大花杓兰 根状茎 不定根 地下芽 

分 类 号：Q944.3[生物学—植物学]