城乡混合基尼系数分解方法研究  

A New Method of Calculation and Decomposition of Overall Gini Coefficient

作　　者：艾小青[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学经管学院 [2]北京工业大学首都社会建设与社会管理协同创新中心

出　　处：《统计研究》2015年第9期91-96,共6页Statistical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"城市化进城中农民工的就业歧视及其社会风险研究"(12BJY042);北京市社会科学基金研究基地项目"基于系统动力学的京津冀现代制造业协同发展研究"(14JDJGC040);首都社会建设与社会管理协同创新中心项目"基尼系数视角下收入差距的度量与分解"资助

摘　　要：本文从分布函数出发,设计了一种新的城乡混合基尼系数分解方法,较好地破解了传统方法中约束条件严格、分解结果不清晰等技术难题,同时还通过分布函数的交叉对比提出了一种新的测度城乡收入差距的相对指标,该指标与基尼系数的内涵是一致的,有着明确的经济涵义和优良的理论性质。最后应用新方法对2009—2011年中国城乡混合基尼系数进行了计算和分解,发现收入差距有减小的趋势,而城乡收入差距对总收入差距的贡献率为60%左右。本文提出的方法也适用于其他类型不同群体之间的收入差距分析。Based on income distribution function, this paper designs a new method of calculation and decomposition of overall Gini Coefficient, whereas the constraint conditions are strict and the explanations are obscure in tradition methods. The paper also puts forward a new relative index to measure the urban-rural disparity through the cross comparison of distribution function, which has the same connotation as the Gini Coefficient and has clear economic meaning and good theoretical properties. The new method was applied to calculate and decompose the overal urban-rural gini coefficient in China from 2009 to 2011, finding that the income gap has a tendency to decrease, and the contribution rate of urban-rural disparity is approximately 60%. The proposed method is also applicable to other types of analysis of the income gap between two different groups.

关 键 词：收入分布函数 城乡差距 混合基尼系数分解 

分 类 号：O212[理学—概率论与数理统计]