战斗机女飞行员颈肌强度及训练  

Neck muscle strength and training for female fighter pilots

作　　者：陈琼[1] 李冀[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军杭州航空医学鉴定训练中心,310007

出　　处：《中国疗养医学》2015年第10期1018-1020,共3页Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine

基　　金：总后卫生部保健专项科研课题(12BJZ22)

摘　　要：目的研究战斗机女飞行员颈部各肌群的强度并探讨颈肌训练的方法和效果。方法 1对8名战斗机女飞行员颈部损伤情况进行调查。216例战斗机飞行员按性别分为M组(男)、F组(女),每组各8例。采用CME-1飞行员颈肌训练器对M组飞行员颈部各肌群(前、后、左、右)的强度进行测试;对F组飞行员进行为期3周共9次的颈部各肌群(前、后、左、右)的强度训练,第1、3、4、6、7和9次为等长训练模式,第2、5和8次为可变阻力和可变速度训练模式,记录M组及F组第1(F1组)、6(F6组)和9(F9组)次训练飞行员前、后、左、右各肌群的平均颈肌强度以及平均10 s最大冲量。结果 18名战斗机女飞行员中87.5%曾有过颈部不适症状,75.0%颈部不适发生在飞行中;有50.0%曾有过颈部疼痛症状,50.0%颈部疼痛症状发生在飞行中。2F1组向前、后、左、右各肌群平均颈肌强度和平均10 s最大冲量值低于M组(P<0.05)。3F6和F9组各肌群的颈肌强度和10 s最大冲量的均值较第1次数值均有显著提高(P<0.05);训练9次前、后、左和右各肌群的颈肌强度均值与第1次比较分别增长51.2%、46.6%、63.4%和48.6%,10 s最大冲量均值与第1次比较分别增长60.3%、54.4%、66.3%和54.2%。结论 1战斗机女飞行员颈部损伤发生率高。2战斗机女飞行员各肌群颈肌强度和耐力较男飞行员低。3CME-1飞行员颈肌训练器能有效提高战斗机女飞行员的颈肌强度。Objective To evaluate the strength of neck m uscle groups of fem ale fighter pilots and to explore the m ethods and effects of strength training .Methods ①A n investigation w as conducted am ong 8 fem ale fighter pilots w ith neck injuries.The questionnaire consist of the relevant issues on neck injuries,including sym ptom s and their influ-ences on flight.②16 fighter pilots w ere divided into 2 groups according to gender：M group （m ale fighter pilots）and F group （fem ale fighter pilots） w ith 8 pilots in each group .C M E-1 neck m uscle training apparatus w as adopted to practice strength testing in neck m uscle groups in M group （front,rear,left,right）.F group w ere given strength training in neck m uscle groups（front,rear,left,right） altogether for 9 tim es in 3 w eeks.A m ong the 9-tim e training ,the 1st,3rd ,4th , 6th ,7th ,and 9th w ere isom etric exercises,w hile the 2nd ,5th and 8th w ere exercises w ith changeable velocity and re-sistance.The m ean of neck m uscle strength in the front,rear,left,and right m uscle groups in M group and F group of the 1st,6th,and 9th（F1,F6,F9） tim e and the m ean of m axim um im pulse in 10 seconds w ere recorded.Results ①The investigation show ed that 87 .5% of the fem ale fighter pilots had uncom fortable neck sym ptom s and 75 .0% of them had the sym ptom s during flight.50 .0% of the pilots had suffered neck pain and 50 .0% of such pains took place during flight.②The m ean of neck m uscle strength in the front,rear,left,and right m uscle groups and the m ean of m axim um im pulse in 10 seconds in F1 group w ere low er than those of the M group（P〈0.05）.③The m ean of neck m uscle strength and the m ean of m axim um im pulse in 10 seconds in F6 and F9 w ere significantly higher than those in F1 （P〈0.05）.A fter 9 tim es of training,the m ean of neck m uscle strength in the front,rear,left,and right m uscle groups increased respectively by 51.2% ,46.6% ,63.4% ,and 48.6% com pared w ith the first tim e,and the m ean of m axim um i

关 键 词：女性 战斗机飞行员 颈部损伤 颈肌强度 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]