湖北省地形因子对电线覆冰的影响研究  

The influence of topographic factors on wire icing in Hubei province

作　　者：黄俊杰[1,2] 周悦[3] 阮羚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国网湖北省电力公司电力科学研究院,武汉430077 [2]国家电网公司高压电器设备现场实验技术重点实验室,武汉430077 [3]武汉区域气候中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2015年第3期254-259,共6页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：湖北电力公司科技项目"基于卫星遥感和气象数据的输电系统典型风险分析及防灾关键技术研究"(15KJ029901C2011920140000)

摘　　要：利利用1960—2011年湖北省81个气象站气象观测资料和湖北省2004—2012年220～500 k V高压输电线路覆冰事故资料以及海拔高度、坡度、坡向等9类地形数据信息资料,给出风口、突出山体、迎风坡和背风坡4种特殊地形的判断指标,分析特殊地形因子对电线覆冰的影响,并对湖北省冰区分布图进行地形订正。结果表明：风口判断指标为冬季（当年12月至翌年2月）日均风速大于8 m·s^-1的日数超过1.56 d·a^-1,迎风坡判断指标为坡向0°～45°或315°～360°且坡度大于10°,背风坡判断指标为坡向135°～225°且坡度大于10°,突出山体判断指标为起伏度大于200 m且海拔高度大于起伏度;4种特殊地形下冰厚订正系数分别为1.75、1.62、0.68和1.82;风口处影响覆冰的主导气象因子为风速,迎风坡处影响覆冰的主导气象因子为降水量,突出山体处影响覆冰的主导气象因子为液水含量,气温对3种特殊地形下的冰厚变化均有显著影响;经过地形订正后的冰区图,能更好地反映鄂西南山区、鄂北中部和西部等地受特殊地形影响而出现的较严重覆冰区。Based on the meteorological observations at 81 stations from 1960 to 2011, the icing accidents occurred along the 220-500 kV high vohage AC transmission lines from 2004 to 2012 and the 9 kinds of geographic data such as altitude, slope, aspect and so on over Huhei province, we have put forward the icing criteria for wind gap, prominent mountain, windward slope, and leeward slope, analyzed the influence of topographic factors to ice accretion, and made a topographic correction to division of wire icing area in Hubei. Resuhs are as follows. The criteria for wind gap is that the day numbers of daily mean wind speed of greater than 8 m· s^-1 exceed 1.56 d· a^-1 in winter （from December tn February）. For the aspect of windward slope it is 0°-45° or 315°-360° and with slope of larger than 10°, while for the aspect of leeward slope it is 135°-225°, with slope of larger than 10° , too. For prominent mountain it is that the topographic nndulation is larger than 200 m and with an ahitude of greater than undulation. Topographic-correction coefficients of wind gap, windward slope, leeward slope, and prominent moun- tain are 1.75, 1.62, 0,68, anal 1.82, respectively. Leading meteorological factors of affecting icing process are wind speed at the meteorological stations located at wind gap, precipitation at the meteorological stations located at windward slope, and liquid water content at the meteorologi- cal stations located at prominent mountain. Air temperature is the most important meteorological factor in all of these three special topogra- phies, The division map of wire icing area in Hubei after the topographic correction can better show the serious icing places in the southwest, central, and west areas of Hubei province affected greatly by special topographies.

关 键 词：电线覆冰 冰区图 地形因子 气象因子 

分 类 号：P426.33[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]