全球价值链、国外增加值与熟练劳动力相对就业——基于世界投入产出表的研究  

Global Value Chain,Foreign Value Added and the Relative Employment of Skilled Labor——A Research Based on WIOTs

作　　者：马风涛[1] 段治平[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学经济管理学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《经济与管理评论》2015年第5期72-80,共9页Review of Economy and Management

基　　金：全国统计科学研究计划项目"基于微观数据的出口贸易绩效统计指标研究"(项目编号:2013LY004);2015年度青岛市社会科学规划研究项目"青岛市制造业全球价值链的长度和上游度研究"(项目编号:QDSKL150453)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：利用世界投入产出表计算了1995-2009年中国制造业部门基于全球价值链分工的熟练劳动力相对就业水平,发现几乎所有部门都经历了熟练劳动力相对就业上升的过程。与此同时,中国制造业部门产品的国外增加值比例也呈增长态势,参与全球价值链分工的程度不断提高。回归结果表明,从总体上看,中国制造业部门参与全球价值链分工可以提升熟练劳动力的相对就业,改善国内的劳动力就业结构。中国制造业部门与欧元区国家、东亚区经济体以及其他国家展开的全球价值链分工可以显著提升本国熟练劳动力的相对就业,而与非欧元区欧盟国家、北美区国家展开的全球价值链分工对熟练劳动力的相对就业有负面影响,与巴西、俄罗斯、印度、印尼、澳大利亚和土耳其等国家开展的全球价值链分工对国内熟练劳动力的相对就业没有显著影响。By using world input -output tables,we calculate the relative employments of skilled labor based on global value chain spe-cialization in China＇s manufacturing sectors from the year 1995 to 2009 and find that almost all sectors have experienced rising trend in relative employment of skilled labor.During the same period,the proportions of value added from abroad in the exports of China＇s man-ufacturing sectors also witness distinct growth.Panel data regression results show that,on the whole,the participation of global value chain specialization for China＇s manufacturing sectors can optimize the employment structure of labor and promote the relative employ-ment of skilled labor.The global value chains specialization between China and the Euro Zone countries,East Asia economies and oth-er countries can significantly improve the relative employment of skilled labor in China,while the specialization between China and non Euro Zone EU countries and North America countries can exert a negative effect on the relative employment of skilled labor.China＇s global value chain specialization with Brazil,Russia,India,Indonesia,Australia and Turkey has no significant effect on the relative employment of skilled labor.

关 键 词：全球价值链分工 熟练劳动力相对就业 国外增加值 世界投入产出表 

分 类 号：F114.1[经济管理—国际贸易]