清华简《耆夜》礼制解疑  

Disambiguations of the System of Rites in The Dead of Night of the Qinghua Bamboo Scrolls

作　　者：刘光胜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学出土文献研究与保护中心,北京100084 [2]上海师范大学人文与传播学院,上海200234

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第5期28-35,共8页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(10&ZD&091);国家社会科学基金青年项目(11CZS006);中国博士后基金(2013M540925);上海市教委创新项目(12YS048)

摘　　要：《耆夜》武王八年戡黎,毕公军功最大,所以他担任主宾。饮至礼主人需酬酒赋诗,一般水平的宰父难以胜任。周公多才多艺,能事鬼神,根据宾主对等的原则,他担任饮至礼主人有其合理性。"客"字在春秋中期以前已经出现,并不限于指国外来宾。"东尚之客"的"尚"字,应训为"上",指作册逸席位处于毕公之东的尊位。《耆夜》与《仪礼·燕礼》不合,可能存在某些程度的内容失真,但思想内容的伪与晚并不等同于竹简材质的伪与晚。与其质疑清华简《耆夜》为假简,不如更深入探讨造成《耆夜》与《燕礼》等文献礼制差异的原因。The Dead of Night was written in the 8th year of King of Wu＇ s reign. In the war of suppressing the Li Tribe＇ s rebellion, Lord of Bi, owing to his greatest of military exploit in the war, was made host of the triumphal feast. When it was time for the host to express his gratitude by chanting the songs, he, who was not very good at making poems, was not competent enough to go on. The versatile Duke of Zhou, who was capable of ordering gods and ghosts about, had adequate reasons to host the feast. The character ＂Ke＂ （ guest）, which had occurred prior to the middle of Spring-autumn Period, was not used to refer to foreign guests alone. For in- stance, the character ＂Shang（ ~j ）＂ in the expression ＂Dong Shang guests＂（ ~ ~ ~：） meant ＂upper＂, refer- ring to those guests seated in the honorable place east to Lord of Bi. The Dead of Night did not agree with The Rituals in the Yan Kingdom of The Rituals, which might indicate the events recorded in it were polished to some degree. However, the lateness and falsehood in the contents did not mean the material quality of the bamboo slips was late and false. Therefore, it is more constructive to explore the causes for the disagreement between The Dead of Night and The Rituals in the Yan Kingdom of The Rituals that to inquiry into the falsehood of the Qinghua bamboo slips of The Dead of Night.

关 键 词：清华简《耆夜》 《燕礼》 饮至礼 

分 类 号：K224[历史地理—历史学] K224.06[历史地理—中国史]