葡萄园微域臭氧对5个葡萄品种光合特性的影响  

Effects of the vineyard micro domain ozone on photosynthesis and fluorescence of five grape varieties

作　　者：耿庆伟[1] 宋伟[1] 邢浩[1] 翟衡[1] 杜远鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2015年第5期8-11,共4页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：国家葡萄产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-30);国家自然基金‘臭氧与光照协同伤害葡萄叶片光合机能的机理’(31572084);长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT1155)

摘　　要：以田间栽培的3年生阿白、贝克、福客、红地球、摩尔多瓦5个葡萄品种为试材,调查了经过长时间葡萄园微域臭氧胁迫后对葡萄叶片造成的表观伤害和对叶片光合性能的影响。结果表明,臭氧对阿白造成的表观伤害症状最明显,福客和摩尔多瓦次之,贝克和红地球的伤害较轻。与未出现臭氧表观症状的叶片相比,5个品种出现臭氧表观症状的叶片净光合速率Pn明显下降,Ci明显上升,其中阿白Pn显著下降了40.7%,Ci上升了20.6%。叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo也出现了显著性下降,其中阿白分别下降了17.1%和43.1%,摩尔多瓦分别下降了4.1%和11.8%;而贝克、福客、红地球3个品种这两个参数没有显著性变化。5个品种的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量都出现显著性下降,以贝克下降最多,摩尔多瓦最少。Leaf damage of five three-year-old field cultivation grape varieties such as White, Beck, Frontnac, Red Globe, Moldova were investigated after micro domain ozone stress, and at the same time the responses of leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content were determined. The results showed that, The harm of ozone to White was greatest, followed by Frontnac and Moldova, the damage of Beck and Red Globe were lighter. Compared with the leaves without ozone damage, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves of five grape varieties with ozone damaged significantly decreased, the concentration of carbon dioxide between cells increased obviously, the net photosynthetic rate of White was significantly decreased by 40.7%, the concentration of carbon dioxide increased by 20.6%. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm also decreased significantly, White decreased by 17.1% and 43.1% respectively, Moldova decreased by 4.1% and 11.8% respectively, the two parameters Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm of the three grape varieties Beck, Frontnac and Red Globe did not change significantly. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid in five grape varieties decreased significantly, and Beck decreased most, While Moldova decreased least.

关 键 词：臭氧 葡萄 光合 荧光 叶绿素 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]