红细胞血型不规则抗体不同检测方法检测效果比较  

Comparison of different detection methods of antibodies on red blood cells

作　　者：李海云 凌励 丁彦杰 

机构地区：[1]南阳市中心血站,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2015年第9期1133-1135,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的探寻消除或减少因不规则抗体漏检而造成输血反应的不规则抗体检测方法。方法用盐水法、酶法、抗球蛋白法、聚凝胺法和微柱凝胶法对11例抗-D、8例抗-E、4例抗-Ce、2例抗-Fya、2例抗-Jkb、2例抗-Dia以及未知抗体11例分别检测,比较各种方法的灵敏度。结果 40例不规则抗体用5种方法检测的正确检出率分别是:盐水法17.5%、聚凝胺法95%、酶法90%、抗球蛋白法95%、微柱凝胶法100%。结论对不规则抗体的检测能力,由高到低依次为微柱凝胶法、抗球蛋白法、聚凝胺法、酶法和盐水法;但在日常工作中需要针对实际情况,多种检测方法结合使用,可提高不规则抗体的检出率,避免漏检。Objective To explore the methods to eliminate or reduce the rates of transfusion reaction caused by irregular antibody detection. Methods 11 cases of anti-D, anti-E, 4 cases of anti-Ce, 2 cases of anti-Fy＇, 2 cases of anti-Jkb, 2 cases of anti-Dia, 11 unknown cases were examined by salt water method, enzymatic assay, anti-globulin method, polybrene test and micro column gel method. These methods were compared on the levels of sensitivity. Results The correct detection rates among 40 cases of irregular antibodies were 17.5% for salt water method, 95% for polybrene test, 90% for enzymatic assay, 95% for anti-globulin test, and 100% for micro column gel method. Conclusion The ability of detection of irregular antibodies is arranged in the following order from high to low： micro column gel method, anti-globulin method, polybrene method, enzymatic assay and the salt water method. According to the daily needs in actual situation, a combination of various detection methods will be used, in order to improve the detection rate of irregular antibody and to avoid mistakes in detection.

关 键 词：不规则抗体 红细胞血型 抗体鉴定 凝聚胺法 抗球蛋白法 抗体漏检 输血安全 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学]