政治宪法学:政治宪法理论,抑或政治立宪主义?  

The Jurisprudence of Political Constitution: Political Constitutional Theory or Political Constitutionalism

作　　者：高全喜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学人文与社会科学高等研究院 [2]北京航空航天大学法学院

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第5期29-34,195,共6页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：就当今时局和"依宪治国""法治国家"话语而言,中国的政治宪法问题进入到一个新阶段。中国政治宪法学要有所回应,就要先厘清政治宪法学阵营内部的主题逻辑。政治宪法理论有两种,立宪主义的政治宪法理论和非立宪主义的政治宪法理论,前者又称为政治立宪主义。政治立宪主义以英国的立宪历程及其宪法学为学理的渊源主流,兼采美、法、德、日等各国的自由立宪学说;非立宪主义的政治宪法理论在法国大革命时期、德国和日本二战战败以前一度都很有市场,其代表就是施密特的政治宪法理论和当今中国推动宪法学"价值中立"的宪法社会学。政治宪法学与规范宪法学和宪法解释学之间的论争本来是宪法学方法论之争,但却在中国的特殊国情下跟立宪主义的价值之争扭结在一起,造成很多误解。在解开中国宪法学的价值观与方法论之争的交错叠合之后,中国政治宪法学就名正言顺地归宗到政治立宪主义,研究古今之变之后的现代中国从"生存的法则"到"自由的法则"的演进路径。In order to respond such newly developed terms as state under the rule of law and govern the country by the constitution,Chinese jurisprudence of political constitution needs to clarify and differentiate its terms and logic.There are two kinds of political constitutional theories: one is of constitutionalism,the other is of unconstitutionalism. The former is represented by British political constitutionalism and the liberal constitutional theories in other countries,while the latter is represented by the political constitutional theory of Carl Schmitt and Chinese constitutional sociology,which proposes value-free in constitutional studies. The controversy between Chinese jurisprudence of political constitution,Chinese jurisprudence of normative constitution,and Chinese constitutional dogmatics is a methodological issue,but has been somehow mistaken as a controversy over values. After unrolling this intertwinement of methodology and value,Chinese jurisprudence of political constitution can define itself as Chinese political constitutionalism,and probe into the Chinese road from the law of survival to the law of freedom.

关 键 词：政治宪法学 政治立宪主义 政治宪法理论 宪法社会学 

分 类 号：D911[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]