厌氧发酵固体剩余物建植高羊茅草皮的生态特征  

Ecological characteristics of Festuca arundinacea L. turf cultivated by solid residues from anaerobic digestion project

作　　者：宋成军[1] 田宜水[1] 罗娟[1] 齐岳[1] 赵立欣[1] 赵学兰[2] 田溪 

机构地区：[1]农业部规划设计研究院农村能源与环保研究所,农业部农业废弃物能源化利用重点实验室,北京100125 [2]天津生物工程职业技术学院,天津300074 [3]天水国家农业科技园区管理委员会,天水741030

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第17期254-260,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划课题:农业产业园区生产生活循环技术系统构建与示范(NO.2015BAL04B05)

摘　　要：为了考察沼渣在草皮无土栽培中的适宜性,该文通过大田试验,设计单因素区组试验,以沼渣为原料复合有机基质培植高羊茅草皮,研究了沼渣体积分数改变对复合有机基质理化特性、高羊茅幼苗生长以及高羊茅草皮成坪性状的影响,结果表明:1)T60基质(沼渣体积分数为60%)中全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质含量最高,大于其他3种基质;随着沼渣体积分数提高,复合基质的p H值显著降低,干、湿容重显著降低,入渗率和总孔隙度显著增高,保水性增大;2)复合有机基质对高羊茅幼苗生长有明显促进作用,单位面积幼苗株数、幼苗株高、幼苗叶宽、草皮盖度、颜色等级、均一性和根层厚度均显著高于对照基质,从高羊茅幼苗生长来看,以60%和90%沼渣组成的复合有机基质适于建植高羊茅草皮;3)60%沼渣复合基质下,高羊茅草皮的总生物量、地上以及地下生物量显著大于其他基质,其草皮根冠比明显小于其他基质,该基质显著改变了高羊茅草皮的地上和地下生物量分配格局,促进生物量向地上部分转移,利于草皮生长,因此,该复合有机基质为高羊茅最佳建植基质。Biogas residue is a kind of high quality medium, being with comprehensive nutrition and rich in organic matter. In order to select new type of non-soil culture substrate, in this paper, the experiment for single factor randomized block design was carried out to study the effects of the mass fraction of biogas residue on physicochemical properties of compound organic substrate, growth characteristics of seedlings and grass turf traits of Festuca Arundinacea. In this experiment, biogas residue was used as raw material to compound organic substrate to plant tall fescue turf. The results were as follows： 1） For the T60 matrix（volume fraction of biogas residue was 60%）, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter content were the highest, and more than the other 3 matrices, which were CK, T30 and T90（volume fractions of biogas residue were zero, 30% and 90%, respectively）; with the increase of mass fraction of biogas residue in compound organic substrate, pH value of the compound matrix decreased significantly, both dry and wet bulk density decreased, both infiltration rate and total porosity increased, water retention increased, and this amelioration effect of biogas residue decreased with the increasing of mass fraction of biogas residue; 2） All 3 compound organic substrates had significant promoting effect on the seedling growth of F. Arundinacea. The seedling number per unit area growing on T90 substrate was 22242, 30616, and 31990 for the 10^th, 20 th, and 40 th day after germination, which was increased by 54.77%, 92.01% and 91.09%, respectively, compared with CK. For the 10^th day after germination, seedling height on T90 substrate was the highest, 86.36% higher than that on CK substrate. For the 20 th day after germination, seedling heights on T60 and T90 substrate were the same, which were both 8 cm, 83.10% higher than that of seedling with CK substrate. In the 40 th day after germination, seedling height

关 键 词：基质 生长 物理特性 化学特性 沼渣 草皮 无土栽培 

分 类 号：Q949.21[生物学—植物学]