男性气概  

Manliness

作　　者：隋红升[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《外国文学》2015年第5期119-131,159-160,共13页Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"当代非裔美国文学中的男性气概研究"(12BWW051);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助

摘　　要：在漫长的人类文明史中,早期的"男性气概"更多地被看作是一种内在的人格与意志品质,一种抵制恐惧的德性。然而随着现代性的侵入,人们在男性气概的定义和价值取向方面发生了由内在导向向外在或他者导向蜕变,男性气概也一度被更符合现代人口味的"男性气质"所取代。由于在价值取向和评判标准方面过度看重权力、财富、性能力等外在因素,现代男性气质不再是一种让人直面恐惧和压力的精神力量,反而成了一种焦虑和压力的源泉。随着男性气质危机的深化以及男性气质研究理论创新性的衰落,自20世纪90年代以来,男性研究出现了一种人文转向,"男性气概"这一曾经备受忽略的概念在这一转向中开始重新得到重视。随着2006年哈佛大学政治哲学家曼斯菲尔德的《男性气概》的发表,"男性气概"这一概念的学术地位得以确立,成为男性研究领域继"男性气质"之后另一关键词。本文从男性气概相关概念辨析、男性气概在全球范围内存在的文化基础、男性气概的定义和基本文化内涵、男性气概的文学书写传统和诗学特性四个方面对这一关键词的概念属性、价值取向、评判标准、历史与现实意义以及美学价值等进行深入分析。In the long history of human civilization,the earlier manliness was mostly regarded as a kind of inner character and willpower,a virtue against fear.However,corroded by modernity,manliness experienceda metamorphosis from internality to externality in terms of its definition and criterion,and 'manliness'was supplanted by'masculinity'which was more in line with the tastes of modern people.Because its emphasis on such elements as power,wealth,and sexual potency,masculinity is no longer a spiritual power for people to confront fear and pressure,but the source of anxiety and pressure.Along with the deepening of the masculinity crisis and the declining of the theoretical creativity of masculinity studies,since the 1990 s,a humanistic turn has surfaced in men's studies,and the concept of'manliness',which had been neglected for a long time,began to be revalued in this turn.Along with the publication of Harvey Mansfield's name-giving work of manliness—Manliness—in 2006,the academic status of'manliness'has been firmly established,and become another important key word after'masculinity'in men's studies.This paper endeavors to carry out an in-depth analysis of this key word's nature,value orientation,criterion,historical and realistic significance,and aesthetic value from such four aspects as the discrimination of relevant concepts related to manliness,the cultural foundation of manliness throughout the world,the definition and cultural connotations of traditional manliness,and the tradition of manliness writing in literature and its poetic features.

关 键 词：男性气概 男性气质 性别研究 男性研究 

分 类 号：G0[文化科学]