山东省农村学龄前留守儿童心理健康状况及干预效果研究  

Preschool left-behind children's mental health status and intervention effect in the rural area of Shandong province

作　　者：陈昭君[1] 徐凌忠[1] 盖若琰[1] 赵思琪[1] 徐昕[1] 王亨[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理研究所,山东济南250012

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2015年第10期1038-1040,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：青年科学基金项目(81202225)

摘　　要：目的了解山东省农村学龄前留守儿童的心理健康状况,评价干预效果,为促进学龄前留守儿童心理健康提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,抽取山东省2个县/区的10个乡镇幼儿园共计735例儿童作为调查对象,使用长处和困难问卷(Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire,SDQ)(家长版)进行心理测量,将受试对象分为干预组和对照组,综合干预1年后,再次对受试对象进行心理状况测量。结果留守儿童在品行问题、多动问题、困难总分上的评分高于非留守儿童;综合干预1年后,留守儿童SDQ各项因子异常检出率均有下降(P<0.05),监护类型为母亲和祖父母的留守儿童SDQ各项因子得分也均有下降,监护类型为外祖父母的留守儿童干预前后SDQ各项因子评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论留守儿童心理健康状况较差,适当干预可有效改善学龄前留守儿童心理健康状况;母亲和祖父母监护的留守儿童干预效果比外祖父母监护的效果好。Objective To explore the mental health characteristics of preschool left-behind children in rural areas in Shandong province,evaluate the intervention effect and provide evidence for improving left-behind children＇s mental health. Methods A total of 735 sutdents were selected from 10 kindergartens with layer-cluster random sampling and investiga- ted by Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire （SDQ） ,which was used to know the psychological status of children. Subjects were divided into intervention group and control group according to areas. After one-year psychological intervention, the sub- jects were investigated with SDQ again. Results The scores of hyperactivity,behavior problem and total score of difficulty among the left-behind children were higher than those of not left-behind （P〈0.05）. After intervention, the prevalence of ab- normal of the five factors declined. The score of the left-behind children who were supervised by their mother or their grand- parents（on their father ＂s side ）declined. There was no statistically significant difference before and after intervention among the left-behind children who was monitored by their grandparents（on their mother＇s side）（P〉0.05）. Conclusions Pre- school left-behind children has poor mental health; Appropriate intervention can effectively improve the mental health status of preschool left-behind children;The children who were monitored by their mother had the best intervention effect.

关 键 词：长处和困难问卷 学龄前留守儿童 心理健康 干预 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]