北京市部分中小学生有氧运动和无氧运动心率比较  

Comparison of aerobic and anaerobic exercise heart rate among 1376 primary and middle school students in Beijing

作　　者：段佳丽[1] 孙颖[1] 陈希宁[2] 韩海军[2] 赵海[1] 潘勇平[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013 [2]四川大学华西医学院 [3]北京市东城区中小学卫生保健所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第9期1294-1296,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解中小学生心率在有氧运动和无氧运动中的变化情况,为修订国家卫生标准、科学制定运动负荷评价指标和标准界值提供依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,抽取北京市东城区和延庆县小学一年级到高中三年级共48个班级全体学生作为研究对象。采用现场试验的方法,在实施课题组统一设计的体育课教案的情境下,使用POLAR TEAM2心率监测仪（团队版）连续监测所有学生在各项活动中的心率,分析各年级学生安静心率、12 min慢跑和1 min尽力跳绳的平均心率和最大心率。结果 1 376名中小学生安静时的平均心率为（83.56±11.54）次/min,学生的安静心率基本呈现低年级稍高、高年级稍低的趋势（F=8.430,P〈0.01）;12 min慢跑和1 min尽力跳绳运动过程中,各年级学生最大心率差异均有统计学意义（F值分别为22.025,18.261,P值均〈0.01）。小学三年级以上中小学生2种运动平均心率相比,小学三~六年级1 min尽力跳绳高,初中3个年级学生12 min慢跑高;最大心率相比,6个年级学生12 min慢跑高于1min尽力跳绳,差异有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）。结论不同年龄学生承受相同运动强度时心血管系统的反应能力不同。在制定运动负荷评定标准时,要依据青少年生理发育的特点、分学段划定界值标准,并且充分考虑各项运动引起的平均心率和最大心率的变化。Objective To understand heart rate changes in aerobic and anaerobic exercise among different grade students, and to provide the basis for revised national health standards, scientific evaluation index and standard value of sports load. Methods With the method of convenient sampling,48 classes were extracted from all grades in primary and middle schools,all these students were taken as the research object. In the implementation of team unity of physical education teaching plans, using the POLAR TEAM2 heart rate monitor （ Team Edition ） to continuously monitor heart rate changes for all students in various activities. The students quiet heart rate,average heart rate and maximum heart rate of 12 minutes jogging and 1 minutes jumping rope were analyzed by grades. Results The average heart rate of 1 376 primary and secondary school students was （83.56±11.54） times/rain when being quiet. The quiet heart rate of students＂ basic present that low grade was slightly high ,high grade slightly low trend（ F= 8.430, P〈0.01 ） ; In 12 minutes＂ jogging and 1 minutes＂ jumping rope exercise process,students in various grade average heart rate and maximum heart rate was different ,the difference was statistically significant（ F= 18.261 -22.025 ,P〈0.01 ）. Compared with lhc average heart rate of two kinds of exercise lstudents in grade 3- grade 6 in primary school 1 minute jumping rope heart rate was much higher than 12 minutes jogging. Compared with the Maximum heart rate,6 grades suggest that 12 minutes＇ jogging more than 1 minute＇s jumping rope l the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion Cardiovascular system reaction ability of students in different ages subject to the same exercise intensity is different. Exercise load assessment criteria should be based on the characteristics of adolescent physical development, sub-section delineated boundary value learning standards, also to take full account of the changes in mean heart rate and maximum heart rate.

关 键 词：运动 心率 学生 生长和发育 

分 类 号：G806[文化科学—运动人体科学] R179[文化科学—体育学]