新疆北部棉铃虫寄主来源与转基因棉区庇护所评估  

Analysis of Larval host types of Cotton Bollworm( Helicoverpa armigera)Populations for Evaluation of Bt Refuges in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：李娜[1] 张娟[2] 刘永健 张豹 熊建喜 王佩玲[1] 吕昭智[2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院植保系,石河子832003 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]147团农业科植保站,石河子832045 [4]121团农机推广站,石河子832066

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第19期6280-6287,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项(2011DFA33170);中国科学院院地合作专项(XBXJ-2011-029)

摘　　要：转Bt基因抗虫棉长期大规模种植后,棉铃虫对其存在抗性风险,庇护所是延缓抗性上升的策略之一。但在新疆北部转基因棉区,庇护所提供敏感棉铃虫的生态功能尚未见评估。2013年5—9月期间在新疆北部石河子地区147团、121团利用棉田边缘的智能测报灯收集棉铃虫成虫,应用碳稳定同位素技术从群体水平(混合翅膀)分析虫源性质,从个体水平(雌蛾翅膀和对应精包)确定交配类型;同时通过解剖雌性棉铃虫体内的精包数量评估交配频率。结果表明:来源于C4植物的棉铃虫主要出现在5月下旬和8—9月期间,比例占到50%左右;6—7月接近100%的棉铃虫来自于C3植物上;经测定不同寄主来源棉铃虫的有效交配比例为10%左右;两个地方的棉铃虫交配频率一般在0.9—2.1次,但121团的第一代和第二代均高于147团。玉米是新疆北部地区重要的庇护所,但C3和C4来源棉铃虫同存的时间比较短,有效交配比例相对比较低,影响了庇护所的抗性稀释能力。在转基因棉区的抗性管理中不仅要考虑庇护所提供敏感棉铃虫数量大小,同时需要考虑有效交配比率,这将有利深刻理解庇护所生态功能。Transgenic cotton,expressing an insecticidal toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis（ Bt cotton）,has been widely cultivated for a long period in some areas of China. Therefore,there is the potential for the cotton bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera,to develop resistance to Bt cotton toxins. The United States Environmental Protection Agency（ US EPA） is rethinking the requirement for some regions to delay developing natural refuge crops where Bt cotton growth has been highly successful. The policy of establishing refuges was intended to delay pest population development of Bt-toxin resistance. Bt cotton is widely grown in Xinjiang Province,which is the largest cotton-producing area in China,but no studies have been conducted on potential refuges in this region of China. In recent years,stable carbon isotope techniques（ δ^13） have beenused to identify the larval host-types（ i.e.,whether the hosts are C3 or C4plants） of cotton bollworm. These methods have been used to evaluate the Bt refuge function of non-cotton crops.In this study,intelligent forecast light traps were established to collect adult cotton bollworms from May to September2013,from the 147^th and 121^st regiments of the Shihezi reclamation area located in northern Xinjiang. The captured moths were placed into bottles and preserved in 95% alcohol until analysis. At each of the sites,50 males and 30 females moths were selected on the day of capture,their wings combined into two bulked samples respectively to analyze their host type（ C3 or C4） using δ^13 analysis. At the same time,30 female＇ s wings and corresponding spermatophore were separated to one single sample to analyze the mating type and percentage of mating frequency between C3 and C4 host. A total of 23 bulked samples from the 147^thregiment and 25 bulked samples from the 121^st regiment were tested. The proportions of C3 and C4hosts were calculated according to a standard curve constructed in 2012. Approximately 50% of cotton bollworms were derived from C4 hosts,and approximately 5

关 键 词：碳稳定同位素技术 棉铃虫 害虫抗性管理 庇护所 

分 类 号：S435.622[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]