钾肥类型对菜心(菜薹)生长、细胞保护酶和内源激素的影响  

Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Types on Growth, Cell Protective Enzymes and Endogenous Hormones of Flowering Chinese Cabbage(Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee)

作　　者：黄旺平[1,2] 康云艳[1] 杨暹[1] 赵普艳[1] 张晓艳[1] 叶珺琳 李仕芳 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642 [2]广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,广州510640 [3]深圳市华盛实业股份有限公司,广东深圳518001

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2015年第5期553-558,共6页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2012B020303001;2012A020603009);广东省现代农业产业技术体系特色蔬菜产业创新团队项目(粤农[2009]380号);国家自然科学基金项目(31201631;31301767);深圳市技术创新计划(20141013110401)资助

摘　　要：为探讨钾肥类型对菜心（Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee）的作用效应,研究了不同钾肥类型和水平对菜心生长、细胞保护酶和内源激素的影响.结果表明,氯化钾或硫酸钾处理可提高菜心叶片的POD 和CAT 活性、IAA 和GA3 含量,降低MDA 含量,提高菜薹产量.随着钾水平的提高,叶片IAA 和GA3 含量、POD 和CAT 活性以及菜薹质量明显提高,MDA 含量降低.当施钾90 kg hm^–2 时,叶片的GA3 和IAA 含量显著下降,而POD 活性和菜薹产量没有显著变化.在相同水平下,氯化钾与硫酸钾对植株生长、菜薹产量、叶片GA3 含量的影响不显著.当施钾0-90 kg hm–2 时,氯化钾处理的叶片POD 活性显著高于硫酸钾处理;而施钾135-180 kg hm^–2 时,氯化钾处理的叶片POD 活性则显著低于硫酸钾处理.除了90 kg hm^–2 氯化钾处理的CAT 活性和45 kg hm^–2 氯化钾处理的MDA 含量低于硫酸钾处理以及90 kg hm^–2 和180 kg hm^–2 氯化钾处理的IAA 含量高于硫酸钾处理的外,相同水平氯化钾和硫酸钾处理的CAT 活性、MDA 含量和IAA 含量没有显著差异.可见,钾肥类型对菜心的活性氧代谢系统及内源激素含量有-定的影响,但氯化钾与硫酸钾对菜心的施用效果相当,生产上可采用氯化钾代替硫酸钾以节约肥料成本,K2O 施用量以90 kg hm^–2 为宜.In order to understand the effects of potassium fertilizer types on fl owering Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee), its growth, cell protective enzymes and endogenous hormones were studied treated by different types and levels of potassium fertilizer. The results showed that both KCl and K2SO4 fertilizer could increase activities of POD and CAT, contents of IAA and GA3, and the yield of fl owering Chinese cabbage, but decreased MDA content. With increment of potassium levels from 0 to 90 kg hm–2, the contents of IAA and GA3, the activities of POD and CAT and fl ower stalk yield increased signifi cantly, however, when the potassium levels increased continuously, the contents of IAA and GA3 decreased quickly, and POD activities and fl ower stalk yield kept stable. Under the same potassium levels of two types of potassium fertilizer, the plant growth, fl ower stalk yield and GA3 contents in leaves had no differences. At 0–90 kg hm–2 potassium fertilizer, the POD activity in leaves fertilized by KCl were higher than those by K2SO4, but at levels of 135–180 kg hm–2, the POD activity in leaves by K2SO4 were higher than those by KCl. CAT activity in leaves fertilized by 90 kg hm–2 KCl and MDA contents in leaves by 45 kg hm–2 KCl were lower than those by the same levels of K2SO4. In contrary, IAA contents treated with 90 kg hm–2 and 180 kg hm–2 KCl were higher than those by K2SO4. At other fertilizer levels, the effects of two types of potassium fertilizer on CAT activity, MDA and IAA contents had no difference. Therefore, although two potassium types had different infl uence on activate oxygen metabolism and endogenous hormones in fl owering Chinese cabbage, they had no effects on growth and fl ower stalk yield at the same levels of potassium fertilizer. Thus, KCl fertilizer could instead of K2SO4 fertilizer to save the cost in production, and the suitable level of KCl fertilizer was 90 kg hm–2.

关 键 词：钾肥 菜心 产量 细胞保护酶 内源激素 

分 类 号：S634.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]