秦兵马俑博物馆陶器库内夏季PM_(2.5)的分布特征及来源  

Characterization and sources of PM_(2.5) inside pottery storage room at Emperor Qin's Terra-cotta Museum in summer

作　　者：李华[1,2,3] 胡塔峰[1] 高原[4] 刘随心[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710075 [2]秦始皇兵马俑博物馆陶质彩绘文物保护国家文物局重点科研基地,西安710600 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]陕西历史博物馆,西安710061

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2012年第5期1091-1096,共6页Journal of Earth Environment

基　　金：国家文物局课题(20120219);国家科技支撑项目(2012BAK14B02);秦始皇帝陵博物院课题(扩散采样-离子色谱法对考古发掘现场污染气体的检测研究)

摘　　要：本文于2008年夏季,在秦始皇兵马俑博物馆陶器库的室内、外采集了大气气溶胶细粒子(PM_(2.5))样品,并测定了其水溶性离子组分、有机碳和元素碳组分的质量浓度。同时,借助在线监测仪器,分别获得了室内、外微气候特征,包括温度和湿度特征。结果显示,兵马俑陶器库中PM_(2.5)的质量浓度为62.8±16.8μg·m^(-3),室内/室外质量浓度比值平均为0.5±0.3;PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子主要由SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-和NH_4^+组成,分别占了PM_(2.5)质量浓度的21.0%、2.6%和4.5%。库内PM_(2.5)的浓度有随室外PM_(2.5)浓度的变化而波动的趋势,主要受室外大气控制。另一方面,Cl^-的库内浓度(1.0±0.8μg·m^(-3))明显高于室外(0.7±0.4μg·m^(-3));某些气溶胶组分存在室内来源,库房内防霉防虫剂和木质储藏柜、木质支架的使用,及人员活动对库内PM_(2.5)的质量浓度、水溶性离子和碳气溶胶组分的浓度均有一定的影响。PM2.5 samples were collected in the storage-room of museum of terra-cotta army of Qin dynasty to investigate air quality during 2008 summer and there components were analyzed including water-soluble ions, organic and elemental carbon. The result shows that the average indoor PM25 mass concentration was 62.8± 16.8 μg·m-3 and indoor/outdoor （I/O） ratio was 0.5 ＋0.3 μg·m-3 SO2-4 ,NO3- and NH4＋ were the major water-soluble ions of PM2.5 in the storage-room and their percentages in PM2.s accounted to 21.0%, 2.6%, and 4.5%, respectively. Indoor C1- concentrations were higher than those in outdoor. Indoor PM2. 5 were fluctuated with the variations of outdoor PM2.5 and they were mainly controlled by outdoor penetration. Some aerosol species has indoor sources. PM2 .5 mass and their components were influenced by antifungus agent, the usages of wooden store-tanks and brackets as weU as human activities.

关 键 词：兵马俑 颗粒物 水溶性离子 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]