煤矸石与不同基质比例对小白菜生长的影响  

Effects of gangue with different substrates on the growth of Chinese cabbage

作　　者：王丽华[1] 关禹[1] 王道涵[1] 刘冬月[1] 付兴[1] 李永乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,阜新123000

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2014年第4期266-270,共5页Journal of Earth Environment

摘　　要：煤矸石是我国排放量最大的工业固体废弃物之一,不仅占用大量的农田和土地,还成为固、液和气三害俱全的污染源,造成了一系列的生态环境问题。因此应加强对煤矸石的综合利用使其资源化。实验是在对煤矸石理化性质分析的基础上,通过盆栽实验,研究煤矸石与壤土和沙土这两种基质在不同配比下小白菜的各项生长指标及生物量情况。结果表明,在保持花盆总重量不变的情况下,随着煤矸石添加量的增加,对小白菜的出苗率、株高、根重、鲜重等指标都有显著影响。当在壤土基质中添加煤矸石大于300 g,在沙土基质中添加煤矸石大于250 g时,小白菜的各项生长指标情况及生物量呈明显下降趋势。为了达到对煤矸石的最大综合利用,壤土与煤矸石的比例应为3:2、沙土与煤矸石的比例应为2:1,这样使其利用率最大。Gangue as one of the largest emissions of industrial solid wastes in China, not only takes up quantities of farmland, but also becomes the three sources of pollution harm of solid, liquid and gas, causes a series of ecological environment problems. Therefore we should strengthen the comprehensive utilization of gangue and let it become resources. The experiment was based on the analysis of its physical and chemical properties, through pot experiment, study on gangue together with two kinds of matrix that was loam and sand on the growth index and biomass of Chinese cabbage under different proportion. The results show that, while maintain the totalweight of flowerpot, with the increase of gangue, the germination, plant height, root weight, fresh weight of Chinese cabbage has significant effect on the index. When adding gangue in loam matrix is greater than 300 g, adding gangue in sand matrix is greater than 250 g, the growth and biomass index of Chinese cabbage decreases significantly. In order to achieve the maximum comprehensive utilization of gangue, the proportion of loam and gangue should be 3：2, the proportion of sand and gangue should be 2：1, so that the gangue can achieve its maximum utilization.

关 键 词：煤矸石 基质 小白菜 生长指标 生物量 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] X752[农业科学—园艺学]