论明代沿海卫所与州县人口田地的关系  

Relationship between Coastal Garrison-battalions and Population and Land of Coastal Districts in Ming Dynasty

作　　者：李新峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史系,北京100871

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第5期91-104,共14页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部规划项目"明代行政区划制度研究"(11YJA770024)

摘　　要：顾诚提出明代行政区划体系分民政、军政两大系统,军政系统管辖大量人口田地。他用这个观点解释明初850万顷田地的统计数据,引发了对明代人口田地规模、行政区划制度的讨论。军政系统中,在府州县城外另外建城设治的沿海卫所,是否管辖原属州县的部分人口、田地?这是顾氏新解释和新观点是否圆满成立的焦点。沿海地区明代省府州县志和明清沿海卫所志的相关记载显示,明代沿海卫所户口登记中无民人,州县的里甲数量未受新设卫所扰动,卫所对当地民人实际上并没有管理权限;卫所名下除屯田外并无从州县划归的田地,而且对秋粮直缴卫所的州县田地、对城内外原属州县的旧额田地、对卫所军余零星新垦的田地,皆无管辖权。由此可知,明代沿海卫所不管辖任何本属州县的人口和田地,明代人口田地的实际规模、军政系统在行政区划体系中的地位,或可再加斟酌。GU Cheng advocated that there should be two sub-systems under the administrative division system：the civil and the military, with the military commanding numerous people and fields. In terms of this understanding, he explained the statistics of the fields of 8.5 million qing （one qing being approximate to 6.67 hectares）, which caused discussions on the population and fields and the administrative division system of Ming. In the military sub-system, do the Coastal Garrison-bat- talions beside the cities of relevant Fu （smaller than province）,Zhou（smaller than fu and bigger than county）or counties ad- ministrate the people and fields that originally belong to Fu,Zhou or County？ This is the key point whether GU＇s explanation could be tenable. However,it is found that it is not. Therefore,there should be more topics concerned to be talked about.

关 键 词：明代 卫所 沿海卫所 人口 田地 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]