吉林省长春市新生儿无烟家庭创建项目基线调查  

Baseline survey for project of smoke-free families about newborn in Changchun city in Jilin province

作　　者：庄程 赵萍 章春宇 许兆瑞 刘晓石 

机构地区：[1]吉林省长春市朝阳区卫生局卫生监督所,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林省长春市健康教育中心办公室,吉林长春130021 [3]吉林省科学技术协会学会服务中心,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（医学版）》2015年第5期1066-1069,共4页Journal of Jilin University：Medicine Edition

基　　金：美国艾默瑞大学无烟城市-盖茨中国控烟项目资助课题(gates grant#51437)

摘　　要：目的:了解新生儿父亲在家中的吸烟行为、戒烟意愿和母亲二手烟暴露水平等情况,为创建无烟家庭、制定控烟措施提供科学依据。方法:采用整群抽样方法,从吉林省长春市2个城区15所社区卫生服务中心登记的新生儿家庭中筛选出父亲在家吸烟的家庭342户,对这些家庭的新生儿母亲和父亲进行一对一入户问卷调查,收回有效的父亲问卷299份,母亲问卷304份。结果:新生儿父亲每日吸烟者比例为77.6%,平均每天吸卷烟量为(12.4±6.3)支;新生儿母亲每天二手烟暴露率为61.2%;有55.2%的新生儿父亲尝试过戒烟,目前表示会在1个月内戒烟者占5.3%,有43.9%的父亲不打算戒烟;在最近6个月内尝试戒烟的动机中,所占百分比的大小依次是新生儿健康(59.3%)、妻子健康(41.6%)、家人反对(38.1%)和考虑个人健康(28.3%),各动机占比比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=30.072,P<0.01);新生儿父亲和母亲完全同意创建无烟家庭的比例分别为36.8%和69.4%,父亲和母亲意愿比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=59.207,P<0.001)。结论:新生儿父亲每日吸烟者较多,吸烟量较高,戒烟意愿比例较低,家庭二手烟暴露严重,新生儿健康对父亲戒烟动机影响较大,新生儿母亲对创建无烟家庭意愿较高。Objective To understand the infants＇ fathers smoking state at home,those fathers＇ desire for smoking cessation,and mothers＇ exposure to second-hand smoking,etc.,and to provide scientific basis for formulating the measures of smoke-free families.Methods The group sampling method was adopted,342 households with fathers smoking at home of infants registered in the medical care section of 15 community health service centers in two urban districts of Changchun city in Jilin province were slected,and a household-to-household questionnaire survey to the mothers and the fathers of the newborn was conducted,and the palmtops were used to record the questionnaire data,and 299 valid questionnaire answers from the fathers and 304 from the mothers were collected.Results 77.6%fathers of the newborn smoked every day,consuming（12.4±6.3）cigarettes every day on average;61.2% mothers of the newborn were exposed to second-hand smoking;55.2% fathers of the newborn attempted to quit smoking,and 5.3%fathers expressed their wish to quit smoking within the following one month;43.9%fathers did not want to quit smoking;the motivations for giving up smoking within the following six months ranked in percentage as follows,the health of newborn（59.3%）,the personal health（28.3%）,the health of the wives（41.6%）,the family members＇ aversion（38.1%）,and the differences were statistically significant（χ^2=30.072,P0.01）;36.63%fathers and 69.41% mothers of the newborn agreed to the establishment of smokingfree families,and the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=59.207,P0.001）.Conclusion Both the numbers of smoking fathers and their smoking frequencies on the daily basis are quite huge,while the number of the fathers agreeing to quit smoking is comparatively low;the problem of second-hand smoking at home is serious;the health of newborn is quite a strong motivation for the fathers to quit smoking;the mothers of newborn are very enthusiastic about the notion of smoking-free families.

关 键 词：新生儿父亲 戒烟意愿 无烟家庭 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]