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作 者:李秋芳[1] 王华[1] 刘丹[1] 汤羿 徐鑫芬[1]
机构地区:[1]浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院新生儿监护病房,杭州市310006
出 处:《中华护理杂志》2015年第10期1163-1166,共4页Chinese Journal of Nursing
基 金:浙江省中医药管理局课题项目(2011ZB083);中华医学会围产医学分会围产优质护理实践项目惠氏科研基金
摘 要:目的探讨早期持续微量配方奶喂养方案在预防和减少极低体重早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎中的效果。方法按随机数字表法将128例早期不能母乳喂养的极低体重早产儿分成实验组64例(失访1例,实际纳入63例)和对照组65例。实验组出生后12h尽早开奶.以每日12ml/kg作为起始奶量并逐步增加至每日24ml/kg,并持续此奶量至出生后第10天;对照组常规喂养,出生后12-48h开奶,以每日12ml/kg作为起始奶量,如喂养耐受,则每日增加24~36ml/kg,至奶量达到140~160ml/(kg·d)。结果两组坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生情况,实验组5例(7.9%),对照组11例(16.9%),差异无统计学意义(P〈0.05);两组喂养不耐受的发生情况,实验组10例(15.87%),对照组22例(33.84%),差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05):两组达全肠内营养时间:实验组(19.0±3.1)d,对照组(14.0±6.0)d,差异有统计学意义(P〈O.01)。结论对于完全配方奶喂养的极低体重早产儿,早期缓慢增加奶量持续微量喂养方案可有效降低喂养不耐受的发生率,有降低坏死性小肠结肠炎的发病及严重程度的趋势。Objective To study the effects of a protocol of prolonging small feeding volumes early in life on the incidence of neerotizing enterocolitis(NEC) in very low birth weight preterm infants. Methods A total of 128 very low birth weight preterm infants who could not be breastfed were assigned into the experiment group(63 cases) and the control group(65 cases) with the method of random number table. The experiment group was fed 12 ml/(kg ·d) on study day 1 and feeding volume was increased to 24 ml/(kg·d) for the first 10 study days. The control group was fed 12 ml/(kg·d) on the first 14-48 hours and feeding volume was increased by 24-36 ml/(kg·d) up to 140-160ml/(kg·d) and maintained until the 10th day after birth. Results The incidence of feeding intolerance was significantly lower in the experiment group compared with the control group. There was significant difference in the time to reach full enteral feedings between two groups. Conclusion A protocol of prolonging small feeding volumes can reduce the incidence and severity of NEC.
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