氟唑活化酯对黄瓜抗枯萎病的诱导作用  

Effects of FBT on Induction of Systemic Resistance in Cucumber Against Cucumber Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum Owen

作　　者：石延霞[1] 徐玉芳[2] 谢学文[1] 柴阿丽[1] 王微微[1] 李宝聚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081 [2]华东理工大学药学院,上海200237

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2015年第19期3848-3856,共9页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2010CB126101);中国农业科学院科技创新工程;农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制综合性重点实验室项目

摘　　要：【目的】诱导抗病剂可以诱导寄主植物的系统抗病性作用,具有持效性和广谱性的特点,研究旨在明确新型诱导抗病剂氟唑活化酯(fluoro-substituted benzothiadiazole derivatives,FBT)对黄瓜抗枯萎病的诱导作用,为该化合物的诱导抗病性机理的深入研究提供参考。【方法】利用50 mg·L-1FBT在黄瓜苗期移栽前3—4片真叶时喷雾诱导1次,3 d后移栽定植于含有黄瓜枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum Owen)的土壤中,缓苗后以叶面喷雾的方式进行第2次诱导,之后每隔7 d喷雾诱导1次,共诱导3次,对照诱导抗病剂苯并噻二唑(BTH)也采用同样的诱导方法,对照杀菌剂70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂1 500倍液则采用灌根施药,通过调查病情指数以评价其对枯萎病的抗病作用;研究FBT对枯萎病菌侵染黄瓜的影响,将供试黄瓜催芽至0.5 cm胚根后,浸泡于50 mg·L-1FBT中胚根诱导1次,待播种后黄瓜生长至2片子叶期开始第2次诱导,以后每隔7 d诱导1次,共诱导3次,第3次诱导后24 h灌根接种黄瓜枯萎病菌,并于接种后1、3、5、7、9、11、14、16、20、24、29 d分别取黄瓜根组织,于冰水中清洗,利用酸性品红染色技术评价FBT诱导黄瓜后对枯萎病菌侵染的影响,利用Maule反应和甲苯胺蓝染色技术评价FBT对黄瓜根组织中木质素和酚类物质的沉积情况的影响,利用分光光度-比色法测定FBT诱导黄瓜后根组织中富含羟脯氨酸糖蛋白(HRGP)及β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性,以分析FBT诱导黄瓜后根组织抗病性变化情况。【结果】诱导抗病性表达发现,50 mg·L-1的FBT对黄瓜抗枯萎病的诱导效果可达62.01%,高于对照诱导抗病剂BTH和杀菌剂70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂的防治效果。FBT诱导后的黄瓜在接种后7 d开始有枯萎病菌的侵染,此时未诱导只接种的黄瓜根组织因受枯萎病菌侵染,已经出现大量菌丝及孢子,FBT的诱导增强了寄主的抗病性反应,从而抑制了病原菌【Objective】The systemic long-lasting and broad-spectrum resistance of cucumber seedlings was induced with natural or synthetic compounds. The objective of this study is to shed light on the resistance induced by fluoro-substituted benzothiadiazole derivatives（FBT） to cucumber Fusarium wilt and provide data for elucidating its mechanism.【Method】Before transplanting, 50 mg·L^-1 of FBT was used to spray so as to induce the cucumber seedlings at 3-4 true leaf stage. Three days later, the cucumber seedlings were transplanted into the soil with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum Owen, and sprayed with FBT so as to induce resistance for the second time. Sequently, the cucumber seedlings were sprayed every 7 days and for 3 times continuously. Meanwhile, contrast agent BTH also was used with the same induction method and 70% thiophanate-methyl at 1 500 times was applied through root-irrigation. The efficiency on the blight disease resistance was assessed through investigating disease index. For studying the influence of FBT on F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum invasion of cucumber, the cucumber＇s radicle length was sprouted to 0.5 cm and then the radicle immersed in 50 mg·L^-1 of FBT. The resistance of cucumber seedlings was induced another time at the stage of 2 pieces of leaves. Since then, the cucumber seedlings were sprayed in order to induce the resistance every 7 days and total for 3 times. Twenty-four hours after the last induction, cucumber was inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum by the root-drenching method. Treated roots and the controls were harvested at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, 16, 20, 24 and 29 days after inoculation and then cleaned in ice water. After induction, acid fuchsin dyeing technology was used to evaluate the FBT impacts on fusarium infection. In addition, the Maule reaction and toluidine blue staining technique were used to evaluate the change of lignin and phenolic substances in cucumber root tissue deposition. Moreover, metabolic alterations were investigated and enzyme

关 键 词：氟唑活化酯 黄瓜枯萎病菌 诱导抗病性 组织结构 土传病害 

分 类 号：S436.421.13[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]