杭州市城区不同特征人群对体力活动相关建成环境的主观感知评价  

Evaluation of perceptions of physical activity related built environment among urban adults with different characteristics in Hangzhou

作　　者：任艳军[1] 刘庆敏[1] 曹承建[1] 苏萌[2] 吕筠[2] 李立明[2] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市疾病预防控制中心,310021 [2] 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2015年第10期1089-1094,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81072373）;杭州市卫生科技计划重点项目（HWS20112017）

摘　　要：目的 了解杭州市城区不同特征人群的体力活动相关建成环境主观感知情况.方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在杭州市城区抽取25 ～ 59岁常住居民开展面对面问卷调查.社区步行环境量表简版（NEWS-A）用于评价居民对社区内住宅密度、场所设施多样性、公共服务可及性、街道连通性、步行道和自行车道适宜性、美观舒适度、交通安全、治安8个建成环境维度的主观感知.采用两水平logistic回归模型分析社会人口学特征和BMI等个体因素对居民建成环境主观感知的影响.结果 共纳入1 362例常住居民,性别、婚姻状况、是否有工作与建成环境主观感知各维度得分关联均无统计学意义.调整其他因素影响后,年龄45～59岁与街道连通性感知得分呈正相关（OR=2.02,95％CI：1.30 ～ 3.15）.大专及以上文化程度与人口密度感知得分存在正相关（OR=1.97,95％CI：1.29 ～ 3.00）,与场所设施多样性感知得分呈负相关（OR=0.65,95％CI：0.43 ～ 0.97）.超重肥胖与步行道/自行车道（OR=0.67,95％CI：0.48 ～ 0.95）和社区治安得分（OR=0.75,95％CI：0.57 ～ 0.99）均呈负相关.相对于Ⅰ类区域,Ⅲ类区域居民对场所设施多样性（OR=0.11,95％CI：0.04 ～ 0.30）、公共服务可及性（OR=0.33,95％CI：0.11 ～0.95）、街道连通性（OR=0.30,95％CI：0.11 ～0.86）、交通安全（OR=0.39,95％CI：0.17 ～ 0.91）的主观感知得分更低.结论 杭州市城区居民对体力活动相关的建成环境主观感知与年龄、文化程度、BMI和居住区域存在相关性,开展人群体力活动的环境干预时需要考虑个体特征.Objective To understand the perceptions of physical activity-related built environment among urban adults in Hangzhou.Methods A face-to-face interview was conducted among the urban residents aged 25-59 years selected through multistage stratified random sampling in Hangzhou in 2012.The Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale-Abbreviated （NEWS-A） was used to assess the perception of built environment among residents,including residential building density,the diversities of stores,facilities and others,the accessibility to public service,the street connectivity,walking/cycling facilities,aesthetics,traffic safety,and public security.The multilevel logistic regression model was used to assess the demographic characteristics,BMI and other factors＆#39; influence on people＆#39; s perceptions.Results Among 1 362 local residents surveyed,no sex,martial status and occupation specific significant differences in the perception of built environment were found.After adjusting other factors,the age group 45-59 years was positively related to the score of street connectivity （OR=2.02,95% CI：1.30-3.15）.The educational level of college or higher was positively associated with the score of residential building density（OR=1.97,95%CI：1.29-3.00） but negatively associated with the score of facility variety（OR=0.65,95% CI：0.43-0.97）.Overweight or besity was negatively related to the scores of walking/cycling ways （OR=0.67,95%CI：0.48-0.95） and public security（OR=0.75,95% CI：0.57-0.99）.Compared with the class Ⅰ residential area,the people in class Ⅲ residential area had lower perception scores on facility diversity （OR =0.11,95% CI：0.04-0.30）,accessibility to public service （OR=0.33,95% CI：0.11-0.95）,street connectivity （OR=0.30,95% CI：0.11-0.86） and traffic safety （OR=0.39,95% CI：0.17-0.91）.Conclusion The perceptions of physical activity-related built environment was associated with age,educational level,BMI and residential area.The personal characteristics should be c

关 键 词：体力活动 建成环境 感知 评价 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]