HIV感染者及艾滋病患者就医告知情况及影响因素分析  

Prevalence of informing of HIV infection status during medical care seeking and influential factors among people living with HIV/AIDS

作　　者：马玲[1] 徐鹏[2] 芮宝玲[1] 琚腊红[2] 马丽萍[2] 何慧婧[2] 黄丽花[3] 孙定勇[4] 蒋洪林[5] 还锡萍[6] 常文辉[7] 邱柏红[8] 杨景元[9] 吕繁[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830026 [2] 中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心 [3] 云南大理州疾病预防控制中心 [4] 河南省疾病预防控制中心 [5] 湖北省疾病预防控制中心 [6]江苏省疾病预防控制中心 [7]陕西省疾病预防控制中心 [8]吉林省疾病预防控制中心 [9]内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2015年第10期1109-1112,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（71373008）

摘　　要：目的 了解HIV感染者及艾滋病患者（HIV/AIDS）在就医过程中,向医生告知其感染HIV情况及其影响因素.方法 依托HIV/AIDS随访方式,在7个省份的疾病预防控制中心、社会组织活动场所以及抗病毒定点治疗医院对目标人群进行调查,采用SAS 9.2软件进行统计学分析,率的比较采用χ^2检验,应用非条件logistic回归进行单因素和多因素分析.结果 共调查HIV/AIDS 2 432例,就医时未主动告知率为49.7％（716/1 442）,其中男性、18 ～ 30岁年龄组、小学以上文化程度、民营/三资/个体职业、居住地为小型城市的调查对象不主动告知率分别为51.9％（559/1 077）、62.9％（212/337）、58.1％（555/955）、65.7％（241/367）和62.5％（197/315）,传播途径中性传播未主动告知率最高,达66.3％（275/415）.多因素logistic回归分析表明,既往非法采供血传播途径的调查对象在就医时更愿意主动告知（OR=0.083,95％CI：0.049 ～ 0.141）;民营/三资/个体职业患者在就医时更不愿意主动告知（OR=1.531,95％CI：1.017～2.304）.结论 HIV/AIDS就医时未主动告知率高,应对HIV/AIDS、医务工作者和社会公众进行针对性宣传教育,以提高HIV/AIDS就医时主动告知率.Objective To understand the prevalence of informing doctors of the HIV infection status during medical care seeking and influential factors among people living with HIV/AIDS.Methods The study was conducted among people living with HIV/AIDS in 7 provinces in China,including those receiving HIV tset,HIV counsel and HIV infection treatment.The data were analyzed with software SAS 9.2.Chi-square test was used to compare the informing rates in patients with different characteristics.Univariate ansd multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the influential factors.Results Of the 2 432 HIV/AIDS patients,49.7% （716/1 442）didn＆#39; t inform the doctors of their HIV infection status actively.The non-active informing rate was 51.9%（559/1 077） in males,62.9%（212/337）in age group 18-30 years old,58.1%（555/955） in those with a educational level〉primary school,65.7% （241/367） in those working in private/joint companies or the self employed and 62.5% （197/315） in those living in small cities.The non active informing rate was highest in those infected through sexual contact （66.3%,275/415）.Multivariate logical regression analysis indicated that those infected through illegal blood donation would like to inform of the HIV infection status actively （OR =0.083,95 % CI：0.049-0.141）,but those working in private/joint companies or the self employed would like not to inform of the HIV infection status actively （OR=1.531,95% CI：1.017-2.304）.Conclusion The non active informing rate of HIV infection status was high in people living with HIV/AIDS.It is necessary to conduct the targeted health education to encourage people living with HIV/AIDS to inform of their HIV infection status actively.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 就医告知 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]