苦瓜对白粉病的抗性与相关生理生化指标的关系  

Relationship between Bitter Melon's Resistance to Powdery Mildew with Associated Physiology and Biochemical Indexes

作　　者：田丽波[1,2] 商桑[2] 杨衍[3] 司龙亭[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110866 [2]热带作物种质资源保护与开发利用教育部重点实验室,海南大学园艺园林学院,海口570228 [3]中国热带农业科学院作物品种资源研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2015年第9期166-173,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460517);国家科技支撑计划项目子课题(2014BAD05B04);热带作物种质资源保护与开发利用教育部重点实验室2013年开放课题(2013hckled-3);海南大学中西部计划学科建设项目(ZXBJH-XK008)

摘　　要：为探讨苦瓜抗自粉病的生理生化机制，以对白粉病不同抗性的4个苦瓜品系为材料，研究苗期感染白粉病菌后，苦瓜叶片生理生化指标的变化。结果表明：接种后，叶绿素和可溶性蛋白质量分数均呈先上升后降低的趋势；可溶性糖质量分数呈下降一上升下降一上升的趋势；抗病品系的可溶性糖、叶绿素质量分数和过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性均高于或显著高于感病品系和高感品系；抗病品系的抗坏血酸（AsA）质量分数的上升和下降的幅度均小于感病品系和高感品系；接种后10～20d，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性表现为抗病品系〉感病品系〉高感品系。叶绿素、可溶性糖质量分数和POD、PPO活性与病情指数呈显著或极显著负相关。综上说明，白粉病菌侵染苦瓜后，抗病品系可通过保持较高的叶绿素质量分数，增加可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、AsA质量分数及增强POD、PPO、APX活性来提高抗病性。叶绿素、可溶性糖质量分数和POD、PPO活性均可作为苦瓜对白粉病抗性早期鉴定的指标。In order to analyse the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of bitter melon powdery mildew,four bitter melon strains with different resistance to powdery mildew were chosen as materials, the changes of some physiological and biochemical indexes in leaves were studied after seedlings of bitter melon were infected by powdery mildew. The results showed that the chlorophyll and soluble protein mass fraction presented a rise at first and followed by a decline, soluble sugar mass fraction showed a tendency of decline-rise-decline-rise; the mass fraction of soluble sugar, chlorophyll, the activity of POD and PPO of resistant strains were always higher or significantly higher than that of the susceptible strains＇ ; the change ranges of resistant strains＇ AsA mass fraction were all less than that of the susceptible and highly susceptible strains＇ ; the activity of APX presented the status of resistant strains〉susceptible strains〉highly susceptible strains in most of the time after inoculation. The mass fraction of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and the activities of POD and PPO had significant or highly significant negative correlation with the disease index. The above results showed that after the bitter melon was infected by powdery mildew, the resistant strains could improve the disease resistance by keeping higher chlorophyll mass fraction, and increase soluble sugar, soluble protein and AsA mass fraction,and improve the activity of POD and PPO. The mass fraction of chlorophyll,soluble sugar, activities of POD and PPO could be used as auxiliary identification indexes of powdery mildew-resistance of bitter melon.

关 键 词：苦瓜白粉病 叶绿素 可溶性糖 可溶性蛋白 ASA 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S436.429[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]