物种多样性与病虫草害管理研究进展  

Current State of Species Diversity and Pest Management

作　　者：王一[1] 杨雅婷[1] 杨静[1] 刘林[1] 朱有勇[1] 李成云[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院/农业生物多样性与病虫害控制教育部重点实验室,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2015年第5期801-810,共10页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家"973"计划(2011CB00403;2012CB722901)

摘　　要：农业生物多样性有许多重要的生态功能,控制农业有害生物的发生和流行是其中重要组成部分。生物多样性包括形态的多样性、功能多样性及互作的多样性,互作物质的多样性和互作方式的多样性决定了互作结果的多样性。充分利用品种之间,作物之间、作物与非作物之间的正向作用和负向作用来促进植物生长,减少病虫害的发生,是有效控制农林有害生物的重要措施。本文介绍该领域近年来的物种多样性研究的主要进展,同时提出以后研究的建议和方向,即应用宏基因组学、蛋白组学和代谢组学等后基因组学及植物生理生化等综合技术,系统分析农田生态系统中各种生物之间直接和间接互作机制的基础,根据不同的防控对象及环境条件确定多样性的结构和模式,通过大数据进行管控,才能实现病虫害的绿色防控和农业可持续发展。Agriculture biodiversity have multiple functions, one of which is to control the occurrence and epidemic of pests and diseases. Biodiversity can be described as morphological diversity, functional diversity and interactional diversity. The comprehensive results are determined by the diversity of interactional molecular and methods. Using the both positive and negative effects of different varieties, crops and non-crops to promote crop growth and decrease pests is an effective strategy in agricultural practices. Here we review advances in researches and exploit, make some further suggestion to build the structure and pattern of diversity based on the systemic research of mechanism underlying both positive and negative interaction of crops and organisms in agroecosystem by using metagenomics, proteomics and metabonomics combining with physiology and biochemistry technology, monitoring and managing via big data, to achieve the green control for pest and sustainable development of agriculture.

关 键 词：农业生物多样性 病虫害控制 农业可持续发展 

分 类 号：S474[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]