三类微型能量转换系统有限时间热力学性能优化的研究进展  

Progress in study on finite time thermodynamic performance optimization for three kinds of microscopic energy conversion systems

作　　者：丁泽民[1] 陈林根[1] 王文华[1] 孙丰瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学热科学与动力工程研究室,舰船动力工程军队重点实验室,动力工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2015年第9期889-918,共30页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51306206)资助项目

摘　　要：随着分子生物技术、纳米技术和微电子技术的发展,微型能量转换系统日益受到人们的重视.微型能量系统中能量转换的机理和效率研究是涉及热力学、统计力学、物理学等多学科交叉融合的新课题,而能量系统的性能优化是揭示微型系统能量转换机理、提升能源利用效率的一个关键问题.本文在概述有限时间热力学理论产生和发展的基础上,结合国内外的研究现状,阐明性能优化对微型能量转换系统的意义,综述利用有限时间热力学理论对热驱动布朗马达、能量选择性电子机和热离子装置这三类典型微型能量转换系统进行热力学分析和优化研究的最新进展,并提出进一步的研究展望.With the development of molecular biology technology, nanotechnology and micro electronic technology, more and more attentions have been paid to the microscopic energy conversion systems. The research on energy conversion mechanism and efficiency for micro-energy conversion system is a new subject concerning the interdisciplinary integration of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, physics theory, etc. Performance optimization is one of the key science problems in revealing the mechanism of energy conversion and improving efficiency of energy utilization for micro-energy conversion system. On the basis of introducing the origin and development of the finite time thermodynamics theory, this paper reviews the recent advances of thermodynamic optimization for three kinds of typical microscopic energy conversion systems, i.e., the thermal Brownian motors, energy selective electron engines and the thermionic energy conversion devices, and proposes the future research prospects.

关 键 词：微型能量转换系统 热驱动布朗马达 能量选择性电子机 热离子装置 性能优化 有限时间热力学 

分 类 号：O414.1[理学—理论物理]