生态保护红线及其划定关键问题浅析  

Ecological red line planning and related key issues analysis for China

作　　者：蒋大林[1] 曹晓峰[2] 匡鸿海[1] 蔡满堂[3] 黄艺[4] 尹春燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [2]北京大学深圳研究生院环境与能源学院,深圳518055 [3]北京大学首都发展研究院,北京100871 [4]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《资源科学》2015年第9期1755-1764,共10页Resources Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2012ZX07501001-05)

摘　　要：生态保护红线是中国在生态环境保护领域的一项制度创新,目前已上升为国家生态保护的重要战略,生态保护红线的划定对维护中国生态安全具有十分重要的意义,是中国经济社会可持续发展的基本保障。目前中国生态保护红线的研究和划定工作尚处于起步阶段,在此背景下,本文梳理了生态保护红线的概念和内涵,概述了生态保护红线的研究现状,就生态保护红线划定的理论基础进行了归纳,在综述前人研究的基础上,提出了中国各个区域划定生态保护红线时应考虑的关键生态功能和生态敏感性,就划定指标体系和方法等进行了总结,并分析了中国区域尺度生态保护红线划定中的关键问题及对应的初步建议,为中国生态保护红线划定的全面开展提供一定的理论支持。Ecological red line is a new eco-environment protection planning system in China. The concept of the ecological red line originated in the last decade and has developed into a national strategy. The purpose of ecological red line delineation is to ensure ecological integrity and ecosystem service function, and make sure that the economy develops in a sustained way. Red line areas of ecology play an important role in ecological security and environmental protection in China. Ecological red line delineation remains at an early stage, so here we review the definition and historical evolution of the ecological red line. The theories of ecological red line are summarized, including ecological security, ecological carrying capacity, ecological integrity and ecosystem service function. Indexes for evaluating ecosystem service function and eco-environmental sensitivity are summarized. According to different natural environment characteristics and ecosystem types, we propose key evaluation content and indexes for ecological red line planning in different regions of China, and analyze key issues in the progress of ecological red line delineation such as the minimum area percentage of ecological red line for local ecosystems;ecosystem function and ecological sensitivity evaluation content selection; minimum evaluation unit selection; ecosystem function and eco-environmental sensitivity evaluation methods and power determining; spatial data resolution selection and processing; coordinating ecological red line with other city planning; and how to manage the ecological red line. Preliminary advice for these issues are discussed. We hope this study supports ecological red line delineation theoretical development.

关 键 词：生态保护红线 环境保护 生态安全 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]