大学生体育锻炼行为心理变量的研究  

A study of the psychological variables of physical exercise behaviors of college students

作　　者：聂惠敏[1] 董德朋 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学体育学院,广东广州510641 [2]吉林大学体育学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《体育学刊》2015年第5期64-68,共5页Journal of Physical Education

摘　　要：为了考察影响锻炼行为相关心理变量的具体作用路径,并提升锻炼行为的干预策略,运用"锻炼态度量表"对大学一、二年级学生进行了调查,结果表明:(1)主观标准、情感体验、行为意向等对锻炼行为存在显著直接作用,而行为态度对锻炼行为的直接作用并不明显;(2)行为意向可能是重要的中介变量,诸多心理变量可能通过这一中介变量而作用于锻炼行为;(3)锻炼态度对锻炼行为的总体预测率为32.9%,其中行为习惯和目标态度的解释率最高(R2=51.7%、68.5%);(4)情感体验对各心理变量的作用路径显著,预示着可能是锻炼行为形成和保持的重要原动力;(5)一些锻炼行为形成阶段理论受到一定的质疑(如健康过程行为取向理论),因为一些调控变量并不存在线性连续模式(如主观标准),而更加可能是一种非连续模式。In order to probe into the specific working path of exercise behavior related psychological variables, and to improve strategies for intervening exercise behaviors, the authors investigated college freshmen and sophomores by using a measurement form titled Exercise Attitude, and revealed the following findings: 1) subjective standard, emotional experience, behavior intention etc, play a significant direct role in exercise behaviors, while the direct role played by behavior attitude in exercise behaviors is insignificant; 2) behavior intention may be an important mediating variable, many psychological variables may work on exercise behaviors via this mediating variable; 3) the overall exercise behavior prediction rate of exercise attitude reaches 32.9%, in which the explanation rates of behavior habit and objective attitude are the highest (R2=51.7%, 68.5%); 4) emotional experience has a significant path of working on various psychological variables, which means that it may be an important motive power for the forming and maintaining of exercise behavior; 5) some exercise behavior formation stage theories are questioned to a certain extent (e.g. health process behavior orientation theory), because some regulation variables do not have a linear continuous mode (e.g. subjective standard), thus they are more likely a discontinuous mode.

关 键 词：体育心理学 锻炼态度 锻炼行为 行为意向 大学生 

分 类 号：G804.82[文化科学—运动人体科学]