耐砷真菌分离鉴定及对土壤生物有效砷的影响  

Isolation,Identification and Effect of Three Arsenic-Resistant Strains on Bioavailable Arsenic in Soil

作　　者：姜朵朵 孙璐[1] 卜元卿[2] 张梅华[1] 蒋继宏[3] 高吉喜[2] 

机构地区：[1]中节能六合天融环保科技有限公司,北京100085 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [3]江苏师范大学生命科学学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2015年第5期774-778,共5页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31370646)

摘　　要：从砷污染土壤中分离出3 株对砷具有耐受性的真菌菌株,考察了菌株对砷的耐受能力及菌体处理污染土壤时间、菌体投加量对土壤生物砷有效性的影响.经鉴定,3 种菌株分别为球毛壳霉（Chaetomium globosum）、细极链格孢（Alternaria tenuissima）和木糖发酵酵母（Scheffersomyces stipitis）.结果表明：3 种菌株对ρ 为5～100 mg·L^-1的砷具有良好的耐受性,且耐受性从大到小依次为木糖发酵酵母、细极链格孢和球毛壳霉;ρ 为5～10 mg·L^-1的砷对木糖发酵酵母的生长有-定的促进作用,30 d 内土壤生物有效态砷含量与对照相比分别提高137. 2、77. 9 和36. 5 倍;不同浓度菌体对于土壤砷具有不同的作用效果,土壤有效态砷含量随球毛壳霉、细极链格孢和木糖发酵酵母投加量的增加而增加,且两者呈正相关.Three arsenic?resistant strains of fungi were isolated and identified as Chaetomiumglobosum, Alternaria tenuissi?ma and Scheffersomyces stipitis from arsenic contaminated soils, and tested for tolerance of the strains to As and effects of the treatment of As?contaminated soils with the strains on soil As bio?availability relative to duration of the exposure to and inoculation rate of the fungi. Results show that the three strains were quite good in tolerance to As5+ in the range of 5-100 mg·L-1 As5+ and displayed an order of Scheffersomyces stipitis > Alternaria tenuissima > Chaetomium globosum. When As concentration was in the range of 5-10 mg·L-1 , Scheffersomyces stipitis was somewhat promoted in growth. Within the first 30 days of the inoculation of the three strains, soil bio?available As increased by 137?2, 77?9 and 36?5 times, respective?ly, as compared with CK. Their effects on soil As varied with their inoculation rate, displaying a rising trend with the rate and a positive relationship.

关 键 词：耐砷性 真菌 生物有效态 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]