沉积物中多杀霉素对摇蚊幼虫的慢性毒性效应  

Chronic Toxic Effects of Spinosad in Sediments to Chironomus tepperi Larvae

作　　者：邓鑫[1] 刘志红[1,2] 李晓军[1] 台培东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]澳大利亚迪肯大学瓦南布尔校区综合生态中心环境与生命学院

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2015年第5期784-788,共5页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2012ZX07505-001);国家自然科学基金(41201310)

摘　　要：依照GB/T 27859—2011《沉积物-水系统中摇蚊毒性试验加标于沉积物法》,以死亡率、羽化率、生长速率、羽化用时、雌雄比、卵筏产量及孵化率为观测指标,研究了沉积物中多杀霉素对摇蚊(Chironomus tepperi)完整生命周期的慢性毒性效应。结果表明,幼虫的生长速率和雌性幼虫羽化用时与多杀霉素浓度呈正相关,幼虫的羽化率及存活率与多杀霉素浓度呈负相关,而雄性幼虫羽化用时以及成虫雌雄比与多杀霉素浓度不相关;28 d试验后多杀霉素对摇蚊幼虫的半致死浓度w(LC50)为1 626.96μg·kg-1,对其羽化率的半数效应浓度w(EC50)为1 633.53μg·kg-1。当w(多杀霉素)低于10μg·kg-1时,与对照相比受试生物的羽化用时和生长速率反而会缩短和增加;沉积物中多杀霉素对摇蚊卵筏产量无显著影响,而对各卵筏中摇蚊卵数量及孵化出的1龄摇蚊幼虫数量存在显著影响(P<0.05)。By following the guideline ( GB/T 27859-2011) of“Spiking Sediment in Toxicity Test on Chironomus tepperi in Sediment?Water System”, tests were carried out using mortality, emergence rate, growth rate, time for emerging, sex ratio, and yield of eggrafts and hatchability as observation targets to study chronic toxic effect of spinosad residue in sedi?ment on larvae and eggrafts of Chironomus tepperi. It was found that growth rate of larvae and average time for female adults to emerge were positively related to spinosad concentration spiked, while survival rate and emergence rate were negatively related and average time for male adults to emerge and sex ratio of adults were not related. The tests indicate that the 28 d LC50 of spinosad for Chironomus tepperi was 1 626?96μg·kg-1 , and the EC50 ( half maximal effective concentration) on emergence was 1 633?53 μg·kg-1 . When the concentrations of spiked spinosad were lower than 10μg·kg-1 , advanced emergence and higher growth rate of Chironomus tepperi could be observed as compared with the control. Eggraft yield of Chironomus tepperi was not significantly affected by spinosad in the sediment, while the number of eggs in each eggraft and the number of first?instar larvaes hatched was significantly affected.

关 键 词：摇蚊幼虫 多杀霉素 沉积物 慢性毒理 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]