珠江口外临时海洋倾倒区持续使用中浮游植物群落结构特征的变化  

The Change of Phytoplankton Community Structure Characteristics During the Continuous Use of Temporary Ocean Dumping Ground off Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：杨振雄 陶伟[1] 蔡伟叙[1] 黄志雄 温华 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海环境监测中心 [2]港珠澳大桥管理局

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2015年第3期155-162,共8页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家海洋局南海分局局长海洋科技基金:(1440)

摘　　要：根据2009-2013年对大万山南临时倾倒区启用前后调查资料,分析了临时倾倒区使用过程中浮游植物群落的时空变化特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明,该临时倾倒区启用后,海水水质因子季节性波动变化,其中,盐度受珠江径流冲淡水影响较大,营养盐特别是磷酸盐出现显著降低趋势,但各要素均基本符合海水一类水质标准。浮游植物生态群落结构变化较大,群落的演替率较高,群落相似性较低,但种类组成和优势群落特征符合珠江口外海域自然环境特点。统计分析表明群落特征变化受盐度、温度、营养盐特别是磷酸盐的影响较大,其中,营养盐结构组成变化与倾倒活动初期优势群落演替有较大相关性。尽管群落特征与倾倒量方有一定相关性(春季负相关,秋季正相关),但未发现二者存在规律性关系。因倾倒活动引起水质环境变化差异不显著,且浮游群落结构季节性变化较大,浮游植物群落结构特征变化主要驱动因子可能与盐度、营养盐等海区自然环境季节性变化有关。Based on the data collected in investigations carried out in Dawanshan temporary dumping ground from 2009 to 2013, the spatial and temporal change of phytoplankton community structure dur- ing the continuous use of this area and its relationship with environmental factors were analyzed. Sea- water quality fluctuated seasonally during the use of the area, the salinity was significantly influenced by Pearl River runoff due to dilution, and the nutrients, especially phosphate, decreased significantly. However, the quality of seawater （all quality factors） met the quality standards of the first grade sea- water. The community structure of phytoplankton changed largely as were indicated by a high succes- sion rate of communities and a low similarity among communities. The species composition and charac- teristics of dominant communities were in accordance with those of natural environments off Pearl River estuary. Statistical analysis showed that community characteristics were heavily influenced by salinity, temperature and nutrients （especially phosphate）. A close association was identified between the nutri- ent composition and the dominant communities at the beginning of dumping. Although community characteristics was correlated with the dumped amount, negatively in spring and positively in autumn, but a clear relationship between them was not found. The influence of the dumping on seawater quality was not statistically singnificant, and the seasional change of phytoplankton community structure was obvious, thus phytoplankton community structure characteristics may change influenced mainly by nat- ural environment factors, for example, seasonal variations of salinity and nutrients among others.

关 键 词：临时倾倒区 浮游植物群落结构 环境因子 多元统计分析 

分 类 号：P736[天文地球—海洋地质]