2011年西藏自治区碘缺乏病病情监测结果分析  

Surveillance of iodine deficiency disorders in Tibet in 2011

作　　者：郭敏[1] 龚弘强[1] 赵生成[1] 旦增桑布[1] 何凤珍[1] 尼玛仓决[1] 

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区疾病预防控制中心地方病防治所,拉萨850000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2015年第10期754-757,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2011）

摘　　要：目的掌握西藏自治区碘缺乏病病情，为盐碘含量调整提供居民碘营养本底情况。方法按人口比例概率抽样方法（PPS）在全区抽取7个地区的27个县，每个县抽取1所小学，每所小学抽取40名8—10岁儿童，采用B超法检查甲状腺容积，并采集其家中食用盐，氧化还原滴定法（GB／T13025．7-1999）检测盐碘。从抽到的40名儿童中，再抽取12名儿童，另在抽中学校附近，选择3个乡（镇），每个乡（镇）抽取孕妇和哺乳妇女各5人，采集上述观察对象随意1次尿样，采用砷铈催化分光光度方法（wS／T107-2006）检测尿碘。结果共检查1081名8-10岁儿童甲状腺，甲状腺肿大率为1．9％（20／1081）；共检测758份盐样，盐碘中位数为38-3mg／kg，合格碘盐食用率为88．1％（758／668）；共检测8-10岁儿童、孕妇和哺乳妇女尿样522、267、336份，尿碘中位数分别为166．1、132．7、138．1μg／L。结论8-10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率、尿碘水平达到国家碘缺乏病消除标准（〈5％，100—300μg／L），而居民合格碘盐食用率低于国家碘缺乏病消除标准（90％），且孕妇尿碘水平低于国家标准（150μg／L），今后仍需加强碘盐监测、健康教育和重点人群碘营养监测工作。Objective To monitor the situation of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） in Tibet, and to provide a background information of iodine nutritional status of residents before adjustment of iodine concentration. Methods According to the method of population proportionate sampling （PPS）, 27 counties were selected to carry out IDD surveillance. One primary school was selected in each county. Forty children aged 8 - 10 from each primary school were sampled to examine thyroid volume, and edible salt samples were collected from their home to determine salt iodine. In addition, 12 of the sampled children, 15 pregnant women and 15 lactating women from three townships near the selected schools were chosen to detect urinary iodine. The methods of B-ultrasonography, oxidation-reduction titration （GB/T 13025,7-1999） and arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry （WS/T 107-2006） were used to determine thyroid volume, salt iodine and urinary iodine, respectively. Results One thousand and eighty-one children aged from 8 to 10 were examined, and their goiter rate was 1.9% （20/1 081）. Seven hundred and fifty-eight salt samples were determined, and the median salt iodine level was 38.3 mg/kg and the consuming rate of qualified iodized salt was 88.1%（758/668）. Meanwhile, urine samples of 522 children aged 8 - 10, 267 pregnant women and 336 lactating women were also tested, and their median urinary iodine level was 166.l, 132.7, 138.1μg/L, respectively. Conclusions The results show that the goiter rate and urinary iodine level of children aged from 8 to 10 have reached the national standard of IDD elimination （ 〈 5%, 100 - 300 μg/L）, while the residents consumption rate of qualified iodized salt is still lower than the national standard （90%）. In particular, the iodine nutrition of pregnant women is inadequate, which is lower than the national standard （urinary iodine 150 μg/L）. It is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring of salt iodine as well as iodine nutrition in special groups in the

关 键 词：西藏 碘缺乏病 监测 尿碘 甲状腺肿 地方性 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]