职业紧张对不同职业人群抑郁症状影响  

Occupational stress and depressive symptoms among different occupational populations

作　　者：韩瑞[1] 李富业[1] 王磊[1] 宁丽[1] 连玉龙[2] 刘继文[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]江苏南通大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2015年第10期1346-1349,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81260425)

摘　　要：目的了解职业紧张对不同职业人群抑郁症状的影响。方法采用分层抽样方法抽取新疆伊犁地区1819名不同职业人群，使用职业紧张量表（OSI—R）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）调查人口学特征和个体生活行为因素，应用logistic回归分析人口特征与职业紧张因素对抑郁症状的影响。结果抑郁症状平均分为（37．69±11．35）分，检出率为18．5％；多因素分析显示，高任务不适（OR=1．59，95C1％=1．11～2．28）、高躯体紧张反应（OR=1．60，95CI％=1．13—2．26）、高心理紧张（OR=1．49，95CI％=1．03～2．15）是抑郁症状的危险因素，偶尔吸烟（OR=0．37，0．25—0．54）、高社会支持（OR=0．8，95CI％：0．58—0．90）、高理性处事（OR=0．65，95CI％=0．49～2．15）是抑郁症状的保护因素。结论人口特征、生活行为特征和职业紧张因素均是职业人群抑郁症状的影响因素。Objective To explore the relationship between occupational stress and depression symptoms in different occupational populations. Methods With stratified sampling,1 819 persons with different occupations were recruited for a self-administered questionnaire survey in Yili region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region （Xinjiang）. Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition（OSI-R） was used to measure job strain and Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） was used to assess depressive symptoms. Information on sociodemographic characteristics and individual life behaviors were also collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associations between depressive symptoms and occupational stress factors. Results Among the participants, the average SDS score was 37.69 _＋ 11.35 and the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 18.5%. Multivariate logistic regression revealed the risk factors of depressive symptoms included work maladjustment, body tension response, and psychological stress reaction, with the odds ratios （ORs） and their 95 % confidence interval （ 95 CI% ） of 1.59 （ 95 CI% ： 1.11 - 2. 28 ）, 1.60 （ 95 CI% ： 1.13 - 2. 26 ）, and 1.49 （ 95 CI% ： 1.03 - 2. 15 ）and the protective factors included smoking, high social support, and high rational coping, with the ORs and their 95 CI% of 0. 37 （ 95 CI% ： 0. 25 - 0. 54 ）, 0. 80 （ 95 CI% ： 0. 58 - 0. 90 ）, 0. 65 （ 95 CI% ： 0.49 - 2. 15 ）, respectively. Conclu- sion Demographic characteristics, individual life behaviors, and work stressors are influencing factors for depressive symptoms among different occupational populations in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：职业紧张 职业人群 抑郁症状 社会支持 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]