管壳式热交换器带隔板管箱法兰的泄漏分析及预防措施  

ANALYSIS ON THE LEAKAGE OF CHANNEL FLANGE WITH PARTITION PLATE IN SHELLAND-TUBE EXCHANGER AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES

作　　者：元少昀[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化工程建设有限公司,北京100101

出　　处：《石油化工设备技术》2015年第3期5-8,11,共5页Petrochemical Equipment Technology

摘　　要：文章以多管程、管程进出口温差大、压力高、夹持管板的U形管或浮头式热交换器为对象,在分析法兰密封机理、管箱温度及周向温度梯度、内压、分程隔板对垫片残余压紧力影响规律的基础上,总结出管箱周向温度梯度和隔板的影响是使垫片残余压紧力的分布发生显著改变的主要原因,也是导致垫片局部区域压紧力明显下降以致不满足密封要求的主要因素,从而找到了这类热交换器容易发生管箱法兰密封面局部区域泄漏的必然原因,并相应地提出了防止该类泄漏的预防性和补救性措施。This paper aims at the U-tubular heat exchanger or float-head heat exchanger with tube-sheet clamped by channel flange and shell flange and multiple tube passes which have high temperature difference between channel passes and high operating pressure in channel.Based on the analysis on the impacts of flange seal principles,channel temperature,temperature differences of channel and circumferential temperature,design pressure and pass partition on gasket residual compression pressure,the paper summarizes that the impacts of the circumferential temperature difference of the channel and the pass partition are the main causes for the obvious distribution change of residual compression pressure.They are also the main causes resulting in obvious decline of residual compression pressure at local areas of the gasket that fails the seal requirements.Hence,the paper identifies the logical reasons for the leakage at local areas of the channel flange seal that may occur easily in such heat exchanger.Accordingly,this paper presents the preventive and remedial measures to prevent such leakage from occurring.

关 键 词：热交换器 温度梯度 法兰 垫片 残余比压 螺柱 泄漏 措施 

分 类 号：TE965[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]